DNA. Flashcards
what does it stand for?
deoxyribose nucleic acid.
what is it responsible for ?
instructions to make proteins.
what is it?
molecule of life.
what is it stored as?
long tightly wound strands called chromosomes.
who first proved the structure of DNA and when?
1953 Rosalind franklin.
what does it look like?
long chain molecule made of repeating units. (polymer.)
what is its structure?
double helix.
what is its code?
sequence of base pairs, tell ribosomes the order to place certain amino acids.
what happens if the order of amino acids change?
different proteins made.
what is each chromosome split into sections called?
genes.
what is a gene?
section of DNA that codes for proteins.
what does having the technology to sequence an entire genome mean?
allows us to know the sequences of bases on each chromosome in an individual nucleus.
how long is a human genome?
over 3 billion base pair long.
what does having advanced technology mean that we can find?
genes that link to certain diseases.
eg: cancer or heart disease.
what are the uses of genome technology?
improve our understanding of inherited disorders eg: cystic fibrosis.
how can migration of people through history become possible to know?
people who share common ancestors also share genes and can trace the movement of early humans across the globe from starting point in Africa over 1 million years ago.
what are the units of DNA?
nucleotides.
what are the units of DNA made form?
sugar (deoxyribose.), phosphate group group and one of the bases.
what is a base?
part that codes for the information in your genome.
what are the 4 bases known as?
A, T, G, C.
what do 3 bases form and what do these code for?
codon.
codes a particular amino acids.
what is an example of a codon?
TCC.
codes for serine.
CGT.
codes for arginine.
what does changing the order of bases do?
can code different amino acids and change the resulting protein made.
what are some codons?
GAG, CCC, TCA, ATC, AGG.
