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Biology. > DNA. > Flashcards

DNA. Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does it stand for?

A

deoxyribose nucleic acid.

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2
Q

what is it responsible for ?

A

instructions to make proteins.

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3
Q

what is it?

A

molecule of life.

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4
Q

what is it stored as?

A

long tightly wound strands called chromosomes.

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5
Q

who first proved the structure of DNA and when?

A

1953 Rosalind franklin.

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6
Q

what does it look like?

A

long chain molecule made of repeating units. (polymer.)

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7
Q

what is its structure?

A

double helix.

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8
Q

what is its code?

A

sequence of base pairs, tell ribosomes the order to place certain amino acids.

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9
Q

what happens if the order of amino acids change?

A

different proteins made.

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10
Q

what is each chromosome split into sections called?

A

genes.

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11
Q

what is a gene?

A

section of DNA that codes for proteins.

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12
Q

what does having the technology to sequence an entire genome mean?

A

allows us to know the sequences of bases on each chromosome in an individual nucleus.

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13
Q

how long is a human genome?

A

over 3 billion base pair long.

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14
Q

what does having advanced technology mean that we can find?

A

genes that link to certain diseases.
eg: cancer or heart disease.

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15
Q

what are the uses of genome technology?

A

improve our understanding of inherited disorders eg: cystic fibrosis.

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16
Q

how can migration of people through history become possible to know?

A

people who share common ancestors also share genes and can trace the movement of early humans across the globe from starting point in Africa over 1 million years ago.

17
Q

what are the units of DNA?

A

nucleotides.

18
Q

what are the units of DNA made form?

A

sugar (deoxyribose.), phosphate group group and one of the bases.

19
Q

what is a base?

A

part that codes for the information in your genome.

20
Q

what are the 4 bases known as?

A

A, T, G, C.

21
Q

what do 3 bases form and what do these code for?

A

codon.
codes a particular amino acids.

22
Q

what is an example of a codon?

A

TCC.
codes for serine.
CGT.
codes for arginine.

23
Q

what does changing the order of bases do?

A

can code different amino acids and change the resulting protein made.

24
Q

what are some codons?

A

GAG, CCC, TCA, ATC, AGG.

Biology. (62 decks)

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