inheritance.

Question 1

what is a dominant allele?

Answer 1

always expressed even if only 1 copy is present (upper case.)

Question 2

what is a recessive allele?

Answer 2

only expressed if the individual has 2 copies and doesn’t have the dominant allele of that gene. recessive alleles are represented by lower case letters.

Question 3

what is mean by homozygous?

Answer 3

identical for the same characteristic.
eg: AA or aa.

Question 4

what is meant by heterozygous?

Answer 4

different for the same characteristic.
eg: Aa.

Question 5

what is an allele?

Answer 5

different forms of the same gene.

Question 6

what is meant by phenotype?

Answer 6

characteristic that is expressed.
eg: hair or eye colour.

Question 7

what is meant by genotype?

Answer 7

combination of alleles in an organism.
eg: BB, Bb, bb.

Question 8

what is a gene?

Answer 8

section of DNA that codes for protein.

Question 9

what is a chromosome?

Answer 9

long molecule of DNA coiled up tightly.

Question 10

what is gameate?

Answer 10

sex cell (egg or sperm.)

Question 11

what can be used to represent the chances something will happen such as height or eye colour?

Answer 11

punnet squares.

Question 12

mendel: what did Mendel do?

Answer 12

showed the height of pea plants was determined by inherited units.

Question 13

mendel: what is inherited units measured in?

Answer 13

hereditary units.

Question 14

mendel: how are hereditary units passed on?

Answer 14

from parents to offspring.

Question 15

mendel: how many hereditary units do parents pass on to offspring and how many does the offspring get in total?

Answer 15

1 each.
offspring receive 2 units.

Question 16

mendel: which characteristics were dominant over the other ones?

Answer 16

tall (T) characteristics was dominant over the dwarf (t) characteristic which is recessive.

Question 17

mendel: what are hereditary units known as now and where are they located?

Answer 17

alleles.
chromosomes.