Planes of Movement

Question 1

Simple Inverse Stretch Reflex Arc

Answer 1

The stretch of the Golgi Tendon causes reflex inhibition (relaxation)

Question 2

Simple Muscle Stretch Reflex Arc

Answer 2

The stretch of the muscle spindle causes reflex contraction

Question 3

Detects sudden stretches (middle of muscle)

Answer 3

Muscle Spindle

Question 4

Detects excessive lengthening in the muscle (top of muscle)

Answer 4

Golgi Tendon

Question 5

Horizontal plane - divides body into top and bottom

Answer 5

Transverse Plane

Question 6

Transverse Plane - Movements

Answer 6

Rotational/twisting

Question 7

Transverse Plane - Joint Actions (2 total)

Answer 7

Horizontal shoulder ADduction and ABduction

Question 8

Transverse Plane - Exercise Examples

Answer 8

yoga and Pilates twists, core exercises involving twists

Question 9

Longitudinal plane - divides body into left and right

Answer 9

Sagittal Plane - Definition

Question 10

Sagittal Plane - Movements

Answer 10

Forward and backward movements

Question 11

Sagittal Plane - Joint Actions (7 total)

Answer 11

Flexion and extension of: elbows, shoulders, knees, hips, and spine
Plantar flexion and dorisflexion of: ankle

Question 12

Sagittal Plane - Exercise Examples

Answer 12

Cycling, supine pilates, crunches, squats, lunges

Question 13

Longitudinal section that runs at a right angle to the sagittal plan - divides body into anterior and posterior

Answer 13

Frontal Plane - Definition

Question 14

Frontal Plane - Movements

Answer 14

Moving sideways - lateral movements

Question 15

Frontal Plane - Joint Actions (7 total)

Answer 15

ABduction and ADduction of: shoulders and hips
Lateral spinal flexion
Ankle eversion and inversion

Question 16

Frontal Plane - Exercise Examples

Answer 16

Jumping jacks, tic-tocs, lateral lunges

Question 17

Toward the front (ventral)

Answer 17

Anterior

Question 18

Toward the back (dorsal)

Answer 18

Posterior

Question 19

movement away from the mid-line of the body

Answer 19

ABduction

Question 20

movement toward the mid-line of the body

Answer 20

ADduction

Question 21

Rotation of the foot to direct the plantar surface outward - outside of foot comes up

Answer 21

Eversion

Question 22

Rotation of the foot to direct the plantar surface inward - inside of foot comes up

Answer 22

Inversion

Question 23

Movement of the foot up toward the shin - flexing foot

Answer 23

Dorisflexion

Question 24

Distal movement of the plantar surface of the foot - point toe in ballet

Answer 24

Plantar Flexion

Question 25

The act of straightening or extending a joint, usually applied to the muscular movement of a limb

Answer 25

Extension

Question 26

Knee Extension

Answer 26

Straightening the leg

Question 27

Hip Extension

Answer 27

Kicking back

Question 28

Spinal Extension

Answer 28

Supermans

Question 29

The act of moving a joint so that the 2 bones forming it are brought close together

Answer 29

Flexion

Question 30

Knee Flexion

Answer 30

Bending knee

Question 31

Hip Flexion

Answer 31

Raising knee

Question 32

The concept that joints and segments have an effect on one other during movement.

Answer 32

Kinetic Chain

Question 33

A shoulder about halfway between the sagittal plane and the frontal plane, which represents 30-45 degrees of shoulder flexion. This angle is in line with the orientation of the scapula as it rests naturally against the rib cage and helps protect the shoulder joint during overhead movements.

Answer 33

Scapular Plane - Definition