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ACE > Participant Safety > Flashcards

Participant Safety Flashcards

1
Q

Pushing oneself past the point of volitional control or exceeding the limits of one’s abilities.

A

Overexertion - Definition

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2
Q

Overexertion - Symptoms - 6 total

A
  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Loss of Strength
  • Poor and/or unsafe form and technique
  • Vomiting
  • Rhaddomyolysis
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3
Q

The breakdown of muscle fibers resulting in the release of muscle fiber contents into the circulation. Some of these are toxic to the kidney and frequently result in kidney damage.

A

Rhabdomyolysis - Definition

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4
Q

The decline in ability of a muscle to generate force.

A

Fatigue - Definition

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5
Q

Fatigue - Symptoms - 1 total

A

Inability to continue performing an exercise correctly

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6
Q

Abrupt Illness

A

Acute Illness - Definition

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7
Q

Ongoing Illness

A

Chronic Illness - Definition

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8
Q

A procedure to support and maintain breathing and circulation for a person who has stopped breathing (respiratory arrest) and/or whose heart has stopped (cardiac arrest).

A

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) - Definition

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9
Q

A portable electronic device used to restore normal heart rhythms in victims of sudden cardiac arrest.

A

Automated External Defibrillator (AED) - Definition

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10
Q

Pain on the outside of the elbow at the attachment of the foreman muscles; lateral epicondylitis.

A

Tennis Elbow - Definition

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11
Q

Injuries that interfere with an individual’s ability to participate in exercise and present emergency situations that escalate very quickly

A

Musculoskeletal Injuries - Challenges

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12
Q

Musculoskeletal Injuries - Acute - 4 total

A
  • Sprain
  • Strain
  • Compound fracture
  • Contusion
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13
Q

Tearing or overstretching of a ligament and/or connective tissue.

A

Sprain - Description

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14
Q

Sprain - Common Injuries (2 total)

A
  • lateral ankle

- anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

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15
Q

Sprain - Signs/Symptoms (5 total)

A
  • Swelling
  • pain
  • Joint instability
  • Immobility
  • Possible discoloration
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16
Q

Sprain - Action

A

Call EMS if the person is not able to move to safety and there is not other means to move the person

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17
Q

Tearing or overstretching of a muscle or tendon

A

Strain - Description

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18
Q

Strain - Common Injuries (2 total)

A
  • hamstrings

- shoulders

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19
Q

Strain - Signs/Symptoms (5 total)

A
  • Pain
  • Local tenderness
  • Possible discoloration
  • Loss of strength
  • Loss of range of motion
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20
Q

Strain - Action

A

Call EMS if the person is not able to move to safety and there is not other means to move the person

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21
Q

Bone fracture resulting in an open wound

A

Compound Fracture - Description

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22
Q

Compound Fracture - Signs/Symptoms (3 total)

A
  • Bony protrusion
  • Bleeding
  • Possible shock
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23
Q

Compound Fracture - Action

A

Call EMS, especially if there is heavy bleeding

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24
Q

A bruise formed from an acute, traumatic blow to the body

A

Contusion - Description

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25
Q

Contusion - Signs/Symptoms

A
  • Soft tissue hemorrhage
  • Hematoma
  • Restricted ROM
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26
Q

Contusion - Action

A

Call EMS, if the person sustains a blow to the head or possible internal bleeding

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27
Q

A pathology of the wrist and hand that occurs when the median nerve, which extends from the forearm into the hand, becomes compressed at the wrist.

A

Carpel Tunnel - Definition

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28
Q

Carpel Tunnel - Regression

A

Maintain a neutral wrist - avoid extreme flexion or extension

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29
Q

Musculoskeletal Injuries - Chronic - 8 total

A
  • Tendinitis
  • Bursitis
  • Plantar fasciitis
  • Shin splints
  • IT Band friction syndrome
  • Patellofemoral Pain syndrome
  • Impingments
  • low-back pain
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30
Q

Inflammation of a tendon due to overuse

A

Tendinitis - Description

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31
Q

Tendinitis - Signs/Symptoms (3 total)

A
  • tenderness
  • localized or dispersed pain
  • loss of strength
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32
Q

Inflammation of a bursa sac near a tendon or joint

A

Bursitis - Description

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33
Q

Bursitis - Signs/Symptoms (3 total)

A
  • swelling
  • pain
  • some loss of function
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34
Q

inflammation of the plantar surface of the foot

A

Plantar fasciitis - Description

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35
Q

Plantar fasciitis - Signs/Symptoms (1 total)

A

-pain and tightness under the foot that may worsen with weight bearing

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36
Q

Pain or inflammation of the soft tissue(s) along the shin bone from repetitive loading

A

Shin Splints - Description

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37
Q

Shin Splints - Symptoms (2 total)

A
  • bone and soft tissue tenderness

- Pain during and after activity

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38
Q

Inflammatory overuse condition in which the IT band (connective tissue) rubs against the lateral femoral epicondyle (outside of the knee)

A

Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome - Definition

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39
Q

Lateral deviation of the patella during knee extension that causes painful contact between the patella and femur

A

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - Description

40
Q

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - Symptoms (4 total)

A
  • Tenderness
  • pain
  • swelling
  • Discomfort during activity
41
Q

When a muscle, tendon, or nerve pinches between bony structures

A

Impingements - Description

42
Q

Impingements - Common Injuries (2 total)

A
  • shoulder

- spine

43
Q

Impingements - Signs/Symptoms (5 total)

A
  • Local pain and tenderness
  • Burning sensation
  • Loss of range of motion
  • Loss of mobility
  • Muscle weakness
44
Q

Condition resulting from an acute injury or multiple events of microtrauma causing joint or muscle pain

A

Low-back pain - Description

45
Q

Low-back pain - Signs/Symptoms (3 total)

A
  • Pain, especially during sudden flexion, extension, or rotation
  • Muscle weakness
  • Loss of function
46
Q

Cardiorespiratory Emergencies - 3 total

A
  • Heart attack
  • Asthma Attack
  • Chokcing
47
Q

Caused by an obstruction or blockage of blood flow to the heart

A

Heart Attack - Description

48
Q

Heart Attack - Signs/Symptoms (7 total)

A
  • pain in chest, arms, back, neck, or jaw
  • labored or difficulty breathing
  • nausea
  • anxiety
  • lightheadedness
  • sweating
  • fatigue
  • syncope
49
Q

Heart Attack - Action

A

Call EMS

50
Q

Swelling, inflammation or narrowing of the airways that inhibits breathing

A

Asthma Attack - Description

51
Q

Asthma Attack - Signs/Symptoms (6 total)

A
  • Wheezing
  • Coughing
  • Pain and/or tightness in the chest and neck
  • Dyspnea
  • Panic
  • Pale face
52
Q

Asthma Attack - Action

A

Call EMS, if the person is not able to relieve the symptoms with medication and especially if breathing becomes labored or the person loses consciousness

53
Q

When an object obstructs the airway

A

Choking - Description

54
Q

Choking - Signs/Symptoms (4 total)

A
  • Coughing
  • Loss of speech
  • Pale or blueish skin
  • Syncope
55
Q

Choking - Action

A

Call EMS, and you can always call off the EMS if the object is dislodged.

56
Q

Cerebrovascular Emergencies - 3 total

A
  • Stroke
  • Concussion
  • Seizures
57
Q

Lack of blood supply and oxygen to the brain

A

Stroke - Description

58
Q

Stroke - Signs/Symptoms (7 total)

A
  • Numbness in the arms, legs, or face
  • Confusion
  • Trouble speaking
  • Dizziness
  • Loss of vision, balance, or coordination
  • Drooping on one side of the face
  • Loss of consciousness
59
Q

Stroke - Action

A

Call EMS

60
Q

Concussion - Description

A

Impairment of neural function as a result of a direct blow to the head

61
Q

Concussion - Signs/Symptoms (6 total)

A
  • Shock
  • Blurred vision
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Amnesia
  • Sometimes, loss of consciousness
62
Q

Concussion - Action

A

Call EMS

63
Q

Seizures - Description

A

Changes in brain activity that can cause mild to sever convulsions

64
Q

Seizures - Signs/Symptoms (5 total)

A
  • Convulsions
  • Syncope
  • Loss of coordination
  • Clenching the jaw
  • Loss of bladder and/or bowel function
65
Q

Metabolic Emergencies - 1 of 2

A

Hypoglycemia

66
Q

Metabolic Emergencies - 2 of 2

A

Diabetic Shock

67
Q

Hypoglycemia - Description

A

Low blood sugar

68
Q

Hypoglycemia - Signs/Symptoms (9 total)

A
  • Dizziness
  • Confusion
  • Hunger
  • Headache
  • Pale skin
  • Sweating
  • Anxiety
  • Weakness
  • Poor coordination
69
Q

Hypoglycemia - Action

A
  • Check glucose levels
  • Obtain treatment (medication, juice, or glucose tabs)
  • Call EMS if symptoms worsen
70
Q

Diabetic Shock - Description

A

Severe low blood sugar associated with diabetes

71
Q

Diabetic Shock - Signs/Symptoms (2 total)

A
  • Worsening symptoms of hypoglycemia

- Possible loss of consciousness

72
Q

Diabetic Shock - Action

A

Call EMS

73
Q

Environmental Emergencies - 1 of 4

A

Heat cramps

74
Q

Environmental Emergencies - 2 of 4

A

Heat exhaustion

75
Q

Environmental Emergencies - 3 of 4

A

Heat Stroke

76
Q

Environmental Emergencies - 4 of 4

A

Hypothermia

77
Q

Heat Cramps - Description

A

Muscle spasms in the arms, legs, and stomach due to loss of electrolytes and fluids

78
Q

Heat Cramps - Signs/Symptoms (4 total)

A
  • painful cramps
  • loss of strength
  • thirst
  • dehydration
79
Q

Heat Cramps - Action

A

Seek medical attention if vomiting or nausea occurs

80
Q

Heat Exhaustion - Description

A

Heat-related illness attributed to hot, humid temperatures and the loss of electrolytes and fluids

81
Q

Heat Exhaustion - Signs/Symptoms (10 total)

A
  • Weak, rapid pulse
  • Low blood pressure
  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Weakness
  • Cold, clammy skin
  • Profuse sweating
  • Dehydration
  • Elevated core temperature
82
Q

Heat Exhaustion - Action

A

Call EMS, if symptoms progress and participant’s temperature is not decreasing

83
Q

Heat Stroke - Description

A

Medical emergency and the most serious heat-related illness resulting from overexposure to heat

84
Q

Heat Stroke - Signs/Symptoms (9 total)

A
  • Hot, dry skin
  • Red skin color
  • Rapid pulse
  • Anxiety
  • Irritability
  • Dyspnea
  • Dehydration
  • Elevated core temperature (>104 degrees)
  • Syncope
85
Q

Heat Stroke - Action

A

Call EMS

86
Q

Hypothermia - Description

A

A drop in body temperature below 97 degrees

87
Q

Hypothermia - Signs/Symptoms (7 total)

A
  • Shivering
  • Tingling
  • Numbness in fingers and toes
  • Burning feeling in nose and ears
  • Fatique
  • Lethargy
  • Possible cardiac arrest
88
Q

Soft Tissue Injuries - 1 of 4

A

Lacerations

  • Punctions
  • Avulsions
  • Abrasions
89
Q

Cuts

A

Lacerations - Definition

90
Q

Holes

A

Punctures - Definition

91
Q

Skin tearing off

A

Avulsions - Definition

92
Q

Scrapes

A

Abrasions - Definition

93
Q

Soft Tissue Injury - General Symptoms (3 total)

A
  • Bleeding
  • Pain
  • Exposure of bone, soft tissue, and internal organs
94
Q

Soft Tissue Injury - Action

A

Call EMS if injury results in heavy, uncontrolled bleeding

95
Q

A state in which physical activity is extreme in frequency and duration, relatively resistant to change, and is associated with an irresistible impulse to continue exercise despite injury, illness, or fatigue.

A

Exercise Dependence - Definition

ACE (33 decks)

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