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ACE > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle directly responsible for the observed movement (prime mover)

A

Agonist Muscle

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2
Q

Muscle that acts in opposition to the contraction produced by an agonist muscle

A

Antagonist Muscle

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3
Q

A ligamentous sac that surrounds the articular cavity of a freely movable joint

A

Joint Capsules

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4
Q

Ability to maintain or control joint movement or position

A

Joint Stability - Definition

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5
Q

Joint Stability - Achieved by

A
  • Structure of joints (muscle ligaments and joint capsules)

- Neuro-muscular system

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6
Q

Joint Stability - Joints 4 total

A

Scapulothoracic (over the heart)
Lumbar spine (lower back)
Knees
Feet

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7
Q

Range of uninhabited movement around a joint or body segment

A

Joint Mobility - Definition

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8
Q

Joint Mobility - Achieved by

A
  • Structure of joints

- Neuro-muscular system

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9
Q

Joint Mobility - Joints 4 total

A

Glenohumeral (shoulders)
Thoracic Spine (mid-upper back)
Hip
Ankles

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10
Q

A strong, fibrous tissue that connects one bone to another.

A

Ligaments

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11
Q

Shoulder Girdle - Parts 1 of 3 (Posterior)

A

Scapula
Acromian Process
Clavicle

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12
Q

Thorax - Parts 1

A

Ribs

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13
Q

Pelvic Girdle - Parts 3

A

Ischial
Llilum
Sacrum -Keystone (top attaches to the lumbar spine)

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14
Q

Biceps Brachii - Parts 1

A

Bicep Brachii

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15
Q

Biceps Brachii - Joint Actions (1 total)

A

Elbow flexion (bicep curl)

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16
Q

Deltoids - Parts 2

A

Middle deltoid

Posterior deltoid

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17
Q

Deltoids - Joint Actions (4 total)

A 
Shoulder:
Flexion
ABduction
Horizontal ADduction
Horizontal ABduction
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18
Q

Latissimus Dorsi - Parts 1

A

Latissimus dorsi

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19
Q

Latissimus Dorsi - Joint Actions (3 total)

A

Shoulder:
Extension
ADduction
Horizontal ABduction

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20
Q

Trapezius - Parts 3

A

Upper trapezius
Middle trapezius
Lower trapezius

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21
Q

Upper Trapezuis - Joint Action

A

Elevate scapula

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22
Q

Middle Trapezuis - Joint Action

A

ADducts scapula

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23
Q

Lower Trapezuis - Joint Action

A

Depress scapula

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24
Q

Rhomboid - Parts 1 of 2

A

Rhomboid minor

Rhomboid major

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25
Q

Rhomboid - Joint Action (1 total)

A

ADduction (rows)

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26
Q

Pectoralis Major - Parts 1

A

Pectoralis Major

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27
Q

Pectoralis Major - Joint Action (4 total)

A 
Shoulder:
Flexion
Extension
ADduction
Horizontal ADduction
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28
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Parts 1

A

Quadratus Lumborum

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29
Q

Quadratus Lumborum - Joint Actions (1 total)

A

Lateral flexion (tea cups)

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30
Q

Erector Spinae - Parts 3

A

Longissimus
Spinalis
ILiocostalis

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31
Q

Erector Spinae - Joint Actions (1 total)

A

Spinal extension (supermans)

32
Q

Obliques - Parts 2

A

External oblique

Internal oblique

33
Q

Obliques - Joint Action (2 total)

A

Lateral rotation

Lateral flexion

34
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Parts (1 total)

A

Rectus abdominis

35
Q

Rectus Abdominis - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Spinal flexion (crunches)

36
Q

Hip Extensor - Parts 1 of 4

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris-long head

37
Q

Hip Extensor - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Hip extension (kicking back)

38
Q

Hip ABductor - Parts 4

A

Tensor fasciae latae
Iliotibial band
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus

39
Q

Hip ABductor - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Hip ABduction (laying down leg lifts)

40
Q

Hip ADductor - Parts 5

A 
Pectineus
ADductor brevis
ADductor longus
Gracilis
ADductor magnus
41
Q

Hip ADductor - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Hip ADduction (laying down leg lifts using bottom leg)

42
Q

Hip Flexor - Parts 6

A 
Tensor fasciae latae
Sartorius
Rectus famoris
Psoas minor
Psoas major
Iliacus
43
Q

Hip Flexor - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Hip flexion (raising knee)

44
Q

Anterior Tibialis - Parts (1 total)

A

Anterior tibialis

45
Q

Anterior Tibialis - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Ankle dorisflexion

46
Q

Calf - Parts 2

A

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

47
Q

Calf - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Ankle plantar flexion

48
Q

Hamstring - Parts 4

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Long Head Biceps femoris
Short Head Biceps femoris

49
Q

Hamstring - Joint Action (2 total)

A 
Knee flexion (bending knee)
Hip extension
50
Q

Transverse Abdominis - Parts (1 total)

A

Transverse abdominis

51
Q

Transverse Abdominis - Joint Action (3 total)

A

Compress the abdomen
Drawing-in maneuver
Core bracing

52
Q

Triceps Brachii - Parts (1 total)

A

Triceps brachii

53
Q

Tricepts Brachii - Joint Action (1 total)

A

Elbow extension (tricep kick back)

54
Q

Pelvic Floor - Nickname

A

“the tunnel” - all systems connect - center of the core

55
Q

Pelvic Floor - Joint Action (3 total)

A

Stabilization
Support
Core bracing

56
Q

Spine - Sections (1 of 5)

A 
Cervical curve (7 vertebrae)
Thoracic curve (12 vertebrae)
Lumbar curve (5 vertebrae)
Sacrum (5 fused vertebrae)
Coccyx (4 fused vertebrae)
57
Q

Scapulothoracic Joint

A

Attaches the scapulae to the rib cage which helps the shoulder joint

58
Q

Thoracic Spine

A

Facilitates movement in upper extremities

59
Q

Lumbar Spine

A

Protects the lower back

60
Q

Landmark Bones (Order from bottom to top)

A 
Ankle
Fibula and Tibia
Knee
Femur
Hip
Pelvic Girdle
Spinal Column (at the lumbar)
Thorax
Shoulder Girdle
Humerus
Ulna and Radius
61
Q

Scoliosis - Definition

A

S-shaped spine

62
Q

Scoliosis - Fix (1 total)

A

Seek medical professional

63
Q

Kyphosis - Definition

A

Excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic spine (rounded upper back and anterior pelvic tilt)

64
Q

Kyphosis - Fix (3 total)

A
  • Strengthen mid/low traps and rhomboids
  • Strengthen erector spinae group to increase anterior space between ribs and chest
  • Stretch chest
65
Q

Lordosis - Definition

A

Exaggerated lumbar curve

66
Q

Lordosis - Fix (1 total)

A

Strengthen abs and hip extensors

67
Q

All of the muscles work on the body’s center of gravity equally

A

Neutral Posture - Definition

68
Q

Neutral Posture - Cue Words

A

natural, neutral, aligned, lengthened, tall, proud

69
Q

Neutral Posture - Requirements

A

Equals amount of static, isometric tension on anterior and posterior core

70
Q

Movement of a joint into a position beyond the joint’s normal max extension

A

Hyperextension - Definition

71
Q

Hyperextension - Cycling Example

A

Hyperextend elbows leaning forward

72
Q

Hyperextension - Strength Example

A

Hyperextend knees squatting

73
Q

Limb or part of the body that is stretched beyond normal range of motion

A

Hyperflexion - Definition

74
Q

Posterior Muscles

A

(back) used for pulling

75
Q

Anterior Muscles

A

(front) used for pushing

76
Q

Quadriceps - Parts 4

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Intermedias
Vastus medialus

77
Q

Quadriceps - Joint Actions (2 total)

A 
Knee extension (straightening leg)
Hip flexion (raising knee)

ACE (33 decks)

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