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Renal > Physiology 8 > Flashcards

Physiology 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What is correction?

A

restoration of pH and bicarb and CO2 to normal

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2
Q

What is compensation?

A

restoration of pH irrespective of bicarb and CO2

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3
Q

What type of Hb has a higher affinity for hydrogen?

A

deoxygenated Hb

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4
Q

What is the Henderson Hasselbach equation?

A

pH= pKa + [A-]/[HA]

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5
Q

What is pKa?

A

the negative log of Ka

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6
Q

What is Ka?

A

The dissocation constant of an acid- a measure of how well the acid dissociates- also equal to H+*A-/HA

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7
Q

What causes a respiratory acidosis?

A

retention of CO2 by the body

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8
Q

What is generated when there is increased CO2?

A

increased H+ and HCO3-

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9
Q

What drives H+ secretion by the kidney?

A

PCO2

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10
Q

What happens in renal compensation for respiratory acidosis?

A

CO2 drives H+ secretion; all filtered HCO3- is reabsorbed and H+ continues to be secreted and generates TA and NH4+

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11
Q

What happens to HCO3- in renal compensation for respiratory acidosis?

A

furhter rises due to renal compensation

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12
Q

What does correction of respiratory acidosis require?

A

lowering of PCO2 by restoration of normal ventilation

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13
Q

What causes respiratory alkalsosis?

A

excessive removal of CO2 by the body

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14
Q

What happens when there is reduced CO2?

A

H+ and HCO3- decrease

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15
Q

What drives HCO3- reabsorption?

A

H+- HCO3- needs to bind with H+ to form carbonic acid and then CO2 and H2O to diffuse into the peritubular cells and then be reabsorbed

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16
Q

What happens with renal compensation for respiratory alkalosis to bicarbonate?

A

further lowers HCO3-

17
Q

What is a metabolic acidosis?

A

excess H+ from any source other than CO2

18
Q

What happens to bicarbonate with a metabolic acidosis?

A

buffers excess H+ so decreases

19
Q

What does the decrease in plasma pH stimulate?

A

peripheral chemoreceptors which increase ventilation

20
Q

What happens to the acid load in metabolic acidosis?

A

excreted

21
Q

Why is respiratory compensation essential with metabolic acidosis?

A

acid load cannot be excreted immediately

22
Q

What causes a metabolic alkalosis?

A

excessive loss of H+ from the body

23
Q

What happens to bicarbonate with metabolic alkalosis?

A

rises

24
Q

What effect does increased pH have on ventilation?

A

slows it down

25
Q

What happens to bicarb during respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis?

A

rises furhter as CO2 is converted over

26
Q

What is the correction for metabolic alkalosis?

A

bicarbonate is excreted as the filtered load is so large so not all is reabsorbed

Renal (33 decks)

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