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Renal > Anatomy 3 > Flashcards

Anatomy 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of nerve fibre?

A

somatic sensory; visceral afferent; somatic moto; parasympathetics and sympathetics

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2
Q

What controls ureteric peristalsis and bladder contraction?

A

sympathetics and parasympathetics

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3
Q

What controls urethral sphincer control?

A

internal- sympathetic/parasym; external and levator ani-somatic motor

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4
Q

What type of nerve carries pain from the renal system?

A

mainly visceral afferent; somatic sensory in perineum (urethra)

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5
Q

Where do sympathetic nerve fibres leave the CNS?

A

in spinal nerves between T1-L2

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6
Q

How do sympathetic fibres reach the body wall?

A

within the spinal nerve s

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7
Q

How do sympathetics reac hteh body (eccept the wall)?

A

wihthin nerves called the splanchnic nerves

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of splanchnic nerve?

A

cardiopulmonary or abdominopevlic

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9
Q

How do sympathetic reach the head and neck?

A

via plexuses on arteries- ICA and ECA

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10
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are ther?

A

31

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11
Q

What happens to nerves once they leave the spinal cord?

A

anterior and posterior roots; then become spinal nerves and then travel in anterior and posterior rami

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12
Q

Which ramus do sympathetic nerves travel in?

A

anterior rami

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13
Q

What levels do sympathetic nerves leave the spinal cord to reach the kidneys; ureter and bladder?

A

T10 and L2

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14
Q

Where do sympathetic nerves to the kidney, ureters and bladder synapse?

A

at abdominal sympatheic ganglia- i.e NOT in the sympathetic chain

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15
Q

Once sympathetics hvae synapsed at the abdominal sympathetic ganglia, where do they go?

A

pass onto the surface of arteries which are heading towards the organs they are goign to innervate- periarterial plexuses

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16
Q

What other nerves take part in the periarterial plexuses?

A

parasympathetics and visceral afferents

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17
Q

How do parasympathetics leave the CNS?

A

within 4 cranial nerves and sacral spinal nerve

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18
Q

What cranial nerves do parasympathetics go in?

A

III, VII, IX and X

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19
Q

Do parasympathetics innervate the body wall?

A

no

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20
Q

How do parasympathetics reach the hindgut and pelvic orgnas?

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

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21
Q

How are parasympathetics which innervate the kidneys and ureter carried?

A

in the vagus nerve

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22
Q

How are parasympathetics which innerve the bladder carried?

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

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23
Q

what sacral spinal nerves do paraysmpathetics leave from?

A

S2,3,4

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24
Q

Where is pain from the kidney felt?

A

loin-posterior aspect of the flank region

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25
Q

Where is pain fro mthe bladder felt?

A

suprapubic region

26
Q

Where is pain from the ureters felt?

A

radiated from loin to groin

27
Q

How do visceral afferents travel to the spinal cord from the kidneys?

A

with sympathetic fibres

28
Q

Where do visceral afferents from the kidneys enter the spinal cord?

A

T11-L1

29
Q

Why does the patient feel pain in the loin region fro mthe kidneys?

A

the visceral afferents enter spinal cord at T11-L1 so patient feels this in the dermatomes

30
Q

How do visceral afferents from the ureters reach the spinal cord?

A

run alongside sympathetic fibres

31
Q

Where do the viscreal afferents from the ureters enter the spinal cord?

A

T11-L2

32
Q

How do visceral afferents from the part of the bladder touching the peritoneum reach teh spinal cord?

A

run alongside sympathetics

33
Q

How do visceral afferents from the rest of the bladder not touching the peritorneum reach the spinal cord?

A

run along with parasympathetics

34
Q

What levels do visceral afferents from the bladder touching the peritoneum enter the cord at?

A

T11-L2

35
Q

What levels do visceral afferents from the rest of the bladder enter the cord?

A

S2,3,4

36
Q

How do visceral afferents fro mthe proximal urethra reac hthe CNS?

A

run alonside parasympathetics

37
Q

How do somatic sensory nerves from distal urethra reach the CNS?

A

in the pudendal nerve

38
Q

What levels does the pudendal nerve come from the spinal cord?

A

S2,3,4

39
Q

How do visceral afferents from the testis reach the CNS?

A

with sympathetic fibres

40
Q

What levels do visceral afferents from the testis reach the the spinal cord?

A

T10-11

41
Q

What spinal levels control micturition?

A

S2-4

42
Q

What nerve type of fibre does the pudendal nerve carry?

A

somatic motor

43
Q

What is the difference between infants and adults with micturition?

A

adults are able to override the reflex

44
Q

What controls the detrusor muscle and internal urethral spincter?

A

parasympathetics

45
Q

What controls the external urethral spincter and levator ani?

A

somatic motor

46
Q

What rami form the spinal cords form plexuses?

A

anterior rami

47
Q

What 2 nerves of the lumbar plexus comes from the L1?

A

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal

48
Q

What does iliohypogastric supply?

A

skin in the lateral gluteal region and internal oblique and transversus abdominus

49
Q

What does ilioinguinal supply?

A

root of penis, upper scrotum and mons pubis and labia majora

50
Q

What muscle does the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh pass over?

A

iliacus

51
Q

What spinal levels is lateral cutanous nerve of thigh derived from?

A

L2,L3

52
Q

What muscle does the genitofemoral nerve emerge out of?

A

psoas major

53
Q

What spinal levels give rise to the genitofemoral nerve?

A

L1,L2

54
Q

What nerve levels give rise to the femoral nerve and obturator nerve?

A

L2-4

55
Q

What is the relation of the femoral nerve to psoas major?

A

lateral

56
Q

What is the relation of obturator nerve to psoas major?

A

medial

57
Q

What nerve does the femoral nerve become?

A

saphenous nerve

58
Q

what forms the sural nerve?

A

tibial and common fibular nerves

59
Q

What nerve supplies sensation to the 1st dorsal web space?

A

deep fibular

60
Q

What nerve supplies most of the dorsal aspect of the foot?

A

superficial fibular

61
Q

What supplies sensation to the planta aspect of the foot?

A

tibial nerve

Renal (33 decks)

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