philo3

Question 1

general term for the entire human race

Answer 1

Man

Question 2

refers to man as a species (Homo sapiens or modern human beings)

Answer 2

Human

Question 3

human being granted certain rights, protection, responsibilities, dignity above all

Answer 3

Person

Question 4

the state of being a person

Answer 4

personhood

Question 5

characteristics that distinguish man from other creatures. (feeling, thinking, acting)

Answer 5

Human nature

Question 6

you’re a person if you have human DNA

Answer 6

Genetic criterion (John Noonan)

Question 7

You’re a person if you possess consciousness, reasoning, self-motivated activity, capacity to communicate and self-awareness

Answer 7

Cognitive Criterion (Mary Ann Warren)

Question 8

You’re a person whenever society recognizes you as a person or when someone cares about you

Answer 8

Social Criterion

Question 9

You are a person if you can feel pleasure and pain

Answer 9

Sentience (Peter Singer)

Question 10

Personhood comes in degrees, you can have more or less of it

Answer 10

Gradient Theory

Question 11

Transcendence in Latin

Answer 11

climbing or going beyond

Question 12

8 Concepts on how human body imposes limitations and possibilities for transcendence

Answer 12

1. Dread
2. Being others-related
3. concern
4. guilt-feeling
5. conscience
6. resoluteness
7. temporality
8. death

Question 13

man is simply thrown into the world and is left alone to face what he can do because he did not will for it

Answer 13

Dread

Question 14

He has to establish relationship with others in this world

Answer 14

Being others-related

Question 15

moral duty to care for the “other”

Answer 15

concern

Question 16

“Guilt, remember, is the bind that man experiences when he is humbled and stopped in ways that he does not understand… Guilt results from unused life, from ‘the unlived in us” (Becker, 1973).

Answer 16

Guilt-feeling

Question 17

primary role in recovering from being “lost or fallen” in this world

Answer 17

Conscience

Question 18

man’s readiness to be called by conscience

Answer 18

resoluteness

Question 19

imposes limits to one’s human body

Answer 19

Temporality

Question 20

the dual nature of human being(Hinduism)

Answer 20

spiritual and immortal essence(soul)
empirical life and character

Question 21

the basic goal in life is liberation(moksha) of spirit (jiva)

Answer 21

Hinduism

Question 22

the ultimate aim of this teaching is to help attain good life, and the analysis of the source of suffering

Answer 22

Buddhism

Question 23

Four Noble Truths

Answer 23

Life is Full of Suffering
Suffering is caused by passionate desires, lust, craving
Only as these are obliterated, will suffering cease
Eradication of these desires can be accomplished by following the eightfold path

Question 24

Eightfold Path

Answer 24

right belief, aspiration, speech, conduct, means of livelihood, endeavor, mindfulness and meditation

Question 25

The way to salvation lies through self-abnegation, rigid disciple of mind and body, a
consuming love for all living creatures, and the final achievement of the state consciousness which marks an individual’s full preparation for entering the Nirvana (enlightened wisdom) of complete
selflessness.

Answer 25

Buddhism