philo 2q Flashcards
Human is center, human is the most significant species, role of man is consumer
Anthropocentrism
life is center, role of man is protector
biocentrism
ecosystem is center, role of man is steward
ecocentrism
“Time brought its revenges, and for
the wrong-doing of existence all
things paid the penalty of death.”
Anaximander, Fragments (Death Sentence)(Beauty in Death)
“There is geometry in the
humming of the strings.
There is music in the
spacing of the spheres.”
Pythagoras (Beauty in number)
“…he who is cruel to animals
becomes hard also in his dealings
with men. We can judge the heart of
a man by his treatment of animals.”
Immanuel Kant (Beauty as a Symbol of Morality)
“Art of Loving” Functions of envisioned society by Erich Fromm
- The willingness to give up all forms of having, in order to fully be.
- Being fully present where one is.
- Trying to reduce greed, hate and illusions as much as one is capable.
- Making the full growth of oneself and of one’s fellow beings as the supreme goal of living.
- Not deceiving others, but also not being deceived by others; one may be called innocent but not naïve.
- Freedom not as a bundle of greedy
desires but as a delicately balanced
structure that at any moment is
confronted with the alternatives of growth
or decay, life or death. - Happiness in the process of evergrowing aliveness, whatever the furthest
point in that fate permits one to reach, for
living as fully one can is so satisfactory
that the concern for what one might or
might not attain has little chance to
develop. - Joy that comes from giving
and sharing, not from hoarding and exploiting. - Developing one’s capacity for
love, together with one’s capacity for critical,
unsentimental thought. - Shedding one’s narcissism and accepting that tragic limitations in human existence
Environmental Philosophy (Ethical Views regarding the environment)
Environmentalism
Sustainable Development/ Sustainability
Deep Ecology
Social Ecology
Ecofeminism
Environmental Ethics
Employed the term “boundless” to convey the further thought that Nature is indeterminate –boundless in a
sense that no boundaries between warm and cold or the moist and dry regions are originally present within it (Solomon & Higgins, 2010).
The evolution of the world begins with the generation of opposites in a certain region of nature.
Anaximander
Love of other beings
Biophilia
love of other living beings
Cosmophilia
nature is a living embodiment of order, harmony and beauty
Pythagoras
wrote the critique of judgements
beauty is a symbol of morality
we must ignore practical motives or inclinations instead we should contemplate on the object without being distracted by our desires
the beautiful encourages us that nature and human is part of a bigger design
the orderliness and harmony of nature guides us towards a deeper religious perspective
Immanuel Kant
Humanity has dominated nature. There will only be change if we change our attitude towards our environment
Herbert Marcuse
We have rights and duties. We can only change the community based on how we react to it.
George Herbert Mead
emerged in the 70’s advocating human responsibilities with regard to environmental issues
humankind has the responsibility to safeguard and protect the planet as a steward of creation
Environmental Ethics
advocate to address the environmental issues/problems
awareness of the effect of our behavior to our environment
Environmentalism
focuses on reconciling human activities and economic development to protect our environment
make wise decisions on the use of natural resources to have enough and left resources for future purposes
Sustainable Development/Sustainability
refers to maintaining the state of the environment. human activities should not disrupt the ecosystem and the people that live in the area
Environmental Integrity
usage of our natural resources in a conservative way so that the future generation will be able to use them
equity
ability to regulate one’s actions and behaviors
prudence
being thrifty with ones use of natural resources
frugal
applies ecologic and social approach in analyzing society, and sees relationship between social problems and environmental problems
considers climate justice, climate ethics as a significant ethical, social and political issue
Social Ecology
refers to the fair distribution of environmental benefits, and burden that comes with environmental challenges
Environmental Justice
