Pharm basics

Question 1

direct cholinergic agonist

Answer 1

-chol
carbachol
bethanechol
pilocarpine
methacholine

Question 2

indirect cholinergic agonists

Answer 2

-stigmine
neostigmine
echothiophate
denepezil
edrophonium
MOA: AChE inhibitor

Question 3

symptoms of activating parasympathetic NS

Answer 3

DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea
urination
miosis
bronchospasm
bradycardia
excitation of muscles/CNS
lacrimation
salivation
sweating

Question 4

cholinergic antagonists

Answer 4

atropine
ipratropium (asthma COPD)
scopolamine (motion sickness)
benztropine (parkinson)
oxybutynin
glycopyrolate

Question 5

symptoms of inhibiting parasympathetic activity

Answer 5

Hot as a hare: hyperpyrexia
Red as a beet: flushing
Blind as a bat: cycloplegia, mydriasis
Dry as a bone: lack of salivation
Mad as a hatter: confusion, delirium
Bloated as a toad: constipation and urinary retention

antocholinergics and organophosphate poisoning

Question 6

treat urinary incontinence

Answer 6

anticholinergics and On The Darn Toilet
oxybutynin
tolterodine
darifenacin and solifenacin
trospium

Question 7

drugs with anticholinergic side effects

Answer 7

1st gen H1 blockers: diphenhydramine, doxylamine
neuroleptics: antipsychotics
TCAs
amantadine

Question 8

treatment for pheochromocytoma

Answer 8

phenoxybenzamine (a-antagonist)

B-blocker if needed for tachycardia after a given

Question 9

treat BPH

Answer 9

selective a1-antagonist

tamsulosin

Question 10

Pharm equations

Answer 10

Vd=[drug given IV]/[plasma]

CL=0.7*Vd / t1/2

LD=Css*Vd

MD=Css*CL
divide by F for bioavailability

Question 11

p450 inhibitors

Answer 11

CRACK AMIGOS
cimetidine, ritonavir, amiodarone, ciprofloxacin, ketoconazole
acute alcohol use, macrolides, isoniazid, grapefruit juice, omeprazole, sulfonamides

Question 12

drugs that inhibit alcohol metabolism

Answer 12

disulfiram - on acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

fomepizole - on alcohol dehydrogenase