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DIT > Foundations > Flashcards

Foundations Flashcards

1
Q

Neural crest derivatives

A

PNS: autonomic NS, cranial n, DRG, schwann cells
ossicles of ear
anterior chamber eye: cornea, sclera, iris, ciliary muscle
chromaffin cells (catecholamines)
odontoblasts
aorticopulmonary septum (spiral)
enteric NS, celiac ganglion, enterochromaffin cells
parafollicular cells
melanocytes
thyroid and cricoid cartilage

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2
Q

teratogenic drugs

A 
ACE-renal
aminoglycosides CN VIII
fluoroquinolones cartilage
tetracyclines discolored teeth
cyclophosphamide ear/facial
methotrexate NT defects
carbamazepine NT defects
valproic acid NT defects
phenytoin fetal hydantoin syndrome
lithium Ebstein anomaly
statins CNS and limb
warfarin facial/limb/CNS, spontaneous abortion
isotretinoin spontaneous abortion
diethylstilbestrol (DES) clear cell adenocarcinoma
thalidomide phocomelia (flipper limbs)
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3
Q

Pregnancy X drugs

A 
warfarin
methotrexate
thalidomide
DES
statins
isotretinoin
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4
Q

nuclear localization signals

A

lysine, arginine, proline

+ charged

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5
Q

vimentin

A

connective tissue IF

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6
Q

desmin

A

muscle IF

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7
Q

cytokeratin

A

epithelial IF

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8
Q

GFAP

A

astrocyte and Schwann cell IF

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9
Q

peripherin

A

neuron IF (neuroblastoma)

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10
Q

neurofilaments (L, M, H)

A

axons

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11
Q

nuclear lamins (A, B, C)

A

nuclear envelope

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12
Q

leukotrienes

A 
neutrophil chemotaxis (LTB4)
increase bronchial tone (LTC4, D4, E4)
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13
Q

prostacyclin

A 
PGI2
decreased platelet aggregation
decreased vascular tone
decreased bronchial tone
decreased uterine tone
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14
Q

Prostaglandins

A 
PGE2 and PGF2a
increased uterine tone
increased gastric mucus production
decreased vascular tone
decreased bronchial tone
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15
Q

thromboxane

A

increased platelet aggregation
increased vascular tone
increased bronchial tone

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16
Q

cell injury serum markers

A

cardiac muscle: myoglobin, CPK, CKMB, troponin I
skeletal muscle: CPK, aldolase, myoglobin
hepatocytes: AST, ALT, alk phosphate, GGT
salivary glands: amylase
pancreas: amylase, lipase
RBC: heme -> bilirubin

17
Q

proteins modified by Golgi

A

serine, threonine, asparagine

18
Q

4 major dopaminergic paths

A

mesocorticol: ventral tegmental of midbrain -> cortex
lesion: increae negative symptoms of psychosis
mesolimbic: midbrain -> limbic
lesion: decreased positive signs of schizophrenia
nigrostriatal: substanita nigra pars compacta -> neostriatum
lesion: Parkinson
tuberoinfundibular: arcuate n of hypothalamus -> pituitary
lesion: increased prolactin

DIT (28 decks)

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