DIT Random questions Flashcards
positive leukocyte esterase test
bacterial UTI
positive nitrite test
gram-negative bacterial UTI
Bugs that cause UTI
E. coli (80%)
Staph saprophyticus
Klebsiella pneumoniea
Proteus
Cause staghorn calculi
Proteus because they are urease positive and can make ammonium-magnesium stones
antibiotics to treat UTI
sulfonamides with trimethoprim
aminopenicillins
fluoroquinolones
nitrofurantoin
What drugs have photosensitivity?
SAT: sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracycline
What drugs cause sulfa allergy?
Sulfa Pills Frequently Cause Terrible Acute Symptoms: Sulfasalazine Probenecid Furosemide Celecoxib Thiazides/TMP-SMX Acetazolamide Sulfonylureas
What drugs cause Steven-Johnson syndrome?
Penicillins
Sulfa drugs: Sulfa pills frequently cause terrible acute symptoms
Allopurinol
Seizure drugs: ethosuximide, lanotrigine, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin
UTI Prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
Why should B-Blocker not be used in cocaine intoxication?
B-Blocker will cause an unopposed a1 activation by cocaine and lead to severe hypotension
Causes of maculopapular rash on hands and feet
You drive Kawasaki CARS with your hands and feet: Kawasaki Coxsackie A Rocky mountain spotted fever Syphilis
Diseases with Bell’s Palsy as a complication
my Lovely bell Had An STD
Lyme Disease Herpes
Aids Sarcoidosis
Tumors Diabetes
Leprosy drug cocktail
dapsone, rifampin, clofazimine
TB drug cocktail
RIPE + pyridoxine (B6)
Rifampin, INH, pyrizinamide, ethambutol
pyridoxine prevents neurtoxicity of INH
Ricketsial triad
Headache, fever, rash
atypical interstital pneumonia bugs
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Legionella pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Direct pathway of basal ganglia
Thalamus and DA (D1 from SNc) are positive on Neostriatum (direct path)
Neostriatum neg on GP interior
GP interior normally negative on Thalamus, so it is inhibited and thalamus is positive on cortex for movement
Indirect pathway of basal ganglia
Cerebral cortex positive on neostriatum (indirect path) and subthalamic nucleus
DA (D2 receptor from SNc) is negative on indirect path when released
indirect is negative on GP exterior (shuts off)
GP exterior normally negative on subthalamic, so now subthalamus is not inhibited
subthalamus is positive on GP int, so thalamus in inhibited and movement inhibited
cherry-red spot on the macula
Tay-sachs, Nieman Pick, central retinal a. occlusion
cough, conjunctivitis, coryza
measles
nephritis, hearing loss, cataracts
Alport syndrome
no milk production in post-partum time
Sheehan’s
pigmented hamartomas in the iris
lisch nodules in neurofibromatosis
Owl’s eye inclusions
CMV
Owl’s eye nucleus
Reed-sternberg cells (Hodgkin)
Owl’s eye protozoan
Giardia lamblia
50 yo male with new unexplained skin yellowing and no other symptoms
pancreatic cancer
painless jaundice
precursor for ACTH synthesis
proopiomelanocortin (POMC)
what affect does leptin have
inhibits lateral n and stimulates ventromedial n of hypothalamus
this causes satiety