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DIT > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

epithelium tumors

A

benign: adenoma, papilloma
malignant: adenocarcinoma, papillary carcinoma

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2
Q

blood cell cancer

A

malignant leukemia or lymphoma

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3
Q

blood vessel cancer

A

benign: hemangioma
malignant: angiosarcoma

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4
Q

smooth muscle cancer

A

benign: leiomyoma
malignant: leiomyosarcoma

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5
Q

striated muscle cancer

A

benign: rhabdomyoma
malignant: rhabdomyosarcoma

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6
Q

connective tissue cancer

A

benign: fibroma
malignant: fibrosarcoma

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7
Q

bone tumor

A

benign: osteoma
malignant: osteosarcoma

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8
Q

fat tumor

A

benign: lipoma
malignant: liposarcoma

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9
Q

carcinoma denotes

A

epithelial origin

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10
Q

sarcoma denotes

A

mesenchymal origin

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11
Q

CEA

A

colorectal and pancreatic cancer marker

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12
Q

AFP

A

hepatocellular carcinomas, nonseminomatous germ cell tumors

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13
Q

B-hCG

A

hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinoma

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14
Q

CA-125

A

ovarian

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15
Q

S-100

A

melanoma, neural tumors, schwannoma

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16
Q

alkaline phophatase

A

mets to bone, liver, Paget’s disease

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17
Q

bombesin

A

neuroblastoma, lung and gastric cancer

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18
Q

TRAP

A

tartrate resistant acid phosphatase

seen in hairy cell leukemia (B cell)

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19
Q

CA-19-9

A

pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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20
Q

calcitonin

A

medullary thyroid carcinoma

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21
Q

Psammoma bodies

A 
Papillary thyroid
serous ovarian
meningioma
mesothelioma
PSaMMoma bodies
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22
Q

ACTH or ACTH-like peptide

A

Cushing’s syndrome

small cell lung carcinoma

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23
Q

ADH

A

SIADH

small cell lung carcinoma, intracranial neoplasms

24
Q

PTHrP

A

hypercalcemia

squamous cell lung carcinoma, renal cell, breast cancer

25
Q

1.25-OHs-D3 (calcitriol)

A

hypercalcemia

Hodgkin’s

26
Q

erythropoietin

A

polycythemiarenal cell, hemangioblastoma, hepatocellular, pheochromocytoma

27
Q

Ab against Ca channels at NMJ

A

lambert-eaton

small cell lung cancer

28
Q

primary immune cell involved in host tumor immune surveilance

A

cytotoxic T cell

29
Q

how can tumor cells evade cytotoxic T cells

A

remove MHC-I from surface

30
Q

how might tumor cells induce apoptosis in T cells

A

expressing FASL on surface

31
Q

mechanism of methotrexate differ from %5-fluorouracil

A

meth: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

5-FU: inhibits thymidylate synthase

32
Q

body metabolize 6-mercaptopurine

A

xanthine oxidase

33
Q

rheumatoid disease and ectopic pregnancies

A

methotrexate

34
Q

alkylates DNA, toxicity is pulmonary fibrosis

A

busulfan

35
Q

fragments DNA, toxicity is pulmonary fibrosis

A

bleomycin

36
Q

blocks purine synthesis, metabolized by xanthine oxidase

A

6-mercaptopurine

37
Q

nitrogen mustard, alkylates DNA (electrophile that binds DNA)

A

nitrosureaa

38
Q

intercalates DNA, produces oxygen free radicals, cardiotoxic

A

daunorubicin, doxorubicin

39
Q

DNA alkylating agent used in brain cancer

A

nitrosureas

40
Q

applied topically for actinic keratosis and basal cell cancers

A

5-fluorouracil

41
Q

treatment for childhood tumors (Ewing, Wilms, rhabdo)

A

dactinomycin

42
Q

hemorrhagic cystitis

A

cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide

43
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

busulfan, bleomycin

methotrexate (fibrotic lung)

44
Q

methotrexate myelosuppression is reversible with what

A

leucovorin

45
Q

prevent cardiotoxicity of daunorubicn and doxorubicin with

A

dexrazoxane (iron chelator)

46
Q

nephrotoxic and ototoxic drugs

A

vancomycin
aminoglycosides
loop diuretics
cisplatin and carboplatin

47
Q

used to treat choriocarcinoma

A

vincristine and methotrexate

48
Q

treat testicular cancer

A

Eradicate Ball Disease
etoposide, bleomycin, cisplatin
ifosfamide can replace bleomycin

49
Q

cross-link DNA, nephrotoxic, ototoxic

A

cisplatin, carboplain

50
Q

prevents tubulin disassembly

A

paclitaxel

51
Q

inhibits ribonucleotide reductase

A

hydroxyurea (S-phase specific)

52
Q

inhibitor of the mutated tyrosine kinase produced by the Philadelphia chromosome

A

imatinib

53
Q

monoclonal antibody against HER2

A

trastuzumab

54
Q

SERM that does not increase the risk of endometrial cancer

A

raloxifene

55
Q

side effects of glucocorticoids

A

BAM CUSHINGOID

56
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

vincristine

57
Q

cardiotoxic

A

trastuzumab
daunorbucin
doxorubacin

DIT (28 decks)

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