Perinatal, neonatal, infant and childhood mortality Flashcards
At what point of gestation is miscarriage before? [1]
What is stillbirth? [1]
Misscarriage: Loss < 24 weeks
Stillbirth: baby born less than 24 weeks with no signs of life
What classifies as a neonatal death? [1]
When is early neonatal death? [1]
When is late neonatal death? [1]
Neonatal death: dies within first 28 days
Early neonatal death: 0-7 days
Late neonatal death: 7-28 days
(post neonatal: death between 28 days to 1 year).
What time period is most death in infancy? [1]
61% occurs under 1 yr old. Of this 70% occurs in neonatal period
Health of mothers and newborns are indicators of what? [1]
indicator of society and community wellbeing
How many children worldwide die before age of 5? [1]
1/10
worst in SSA
How does perinatal mortality vary within the UK? [1]
What is the biggest cause of stillbirth in UK? [1]
What is 2nd & 3rd? [2]
1st = unexplained (51.4%)
2 = hypoxic insult during antepartum or intrapartum period (22.5%)
3. congenital anomalies (14.5%)
Perinanatal and neonatal mortlaity:
What are pathological consequences of prematurity? [4]
What are causes of congenital abornormalities [4]
Prematurity (58.5% in perinatal mortality and 55% in neonatal period)
* surfactant deficiency
* periventricular haemorrhage
* Necrotising enterocolitis
* Infection
Congenital abnormalities: (26.1% in perinatal mortality nad 28% in neonatal)
* Congenital heart disease
* Chromosomal
* Neural tube defects
* Diaphragmatic hernia
What are biggest causes of postneonatal infant mortality?
Congenital anomalies becomes number 1
What is biggest causes of deaths in child mortality in UK? [1]
What is next biggest? [1]
Biggest: cancers
2nd: Diseases of NS
What is biggest causes of disease in global under 5 yr olds? [4]
Pneumonia
D&V
Measles
Malaria
What is biggest causes of disease in global under 5 yr olds? [4]
Pneumonia
D&V
Measles
Malaria
What is the major association with perinatal death? [1]
Birthweight is immensely important with association with perinatal death.
Mortality rates: under 2500g: 69% c.f. over 2500g: 2.3%
Name 5 factors that influence infant death, excluding birth weight and gestation [5]
- Socioeconomic status of parents
- Maternal origin (afro / carribean / pakistani twice as bad as white british)
- Maternal age (high rates at both extremes)
- Parity (higher mortality in multiparous mothers)
- Access to healthcare / country of birth
FYI what can be done to reduce perinatal and infant mortality?
