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HD2 > HD2 Anatomy2 Embryology Part 2 > Flashcards

HD2 Anatomy2 Embryology Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The pharngeal arches are a series of outpuches of mesoderm on both sides of the developing WHAT? [1]

A

Pharynx

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2
Q

The pharngeal arches are derived from which germ layers? [1]

A

All

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3
Q

COme back and put in cross section stuff

A
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4
Q

Laryngeal cartilage derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Laryngeal cartilage derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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5
Q

Anterior belly of digastric derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Anterior belly of digastric derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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6
Q

CN IX derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

CN IX derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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7
Q

Mandible derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Mandible derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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8
Q

Maxilla derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Maxilla derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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9
Q

Stylopharngeus derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Stylopharngeus derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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10
Q

CN V derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

CN V derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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11
Q

CN X derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

CN X derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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12
Q

Posterior belly of digastric:
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Posterior belly of digastric:
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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13
Q

Muscles of facial expression:
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Muscles of facial expression:
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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14
Q

CN VII
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

CN VII
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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15
Q

Muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus)
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus)
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

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16
Q

Muscles of mastication
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

A

Muscles of mastication
derived from:

Arch 1
Arch 2
Arch 3
Arch 4

17
Q

What does the 1st pharyngel cleft form?

Internal auditory meatus

External auditory meatus

Meckel’s cartilage

Portion of maxillary artery

A

What does the 1st pharyngel cleft form?

Internal auditory meatus

External auditory meatus

Meckel’s cartilage

Portion of maxillary artery

18
Q

Reichert’s cartilage is the embryonic precusor to the stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligament and part of the hyoid bone. Which pharyngeal arch gives rise to Reichert’s cartilage?

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

A

Reichert’s cartilage is the embryonic precusor to the stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligament and part of the hyoid bone. Which pharyngeal arch gives rise to Reichert’s cartilage?

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

19
Q

Which of the following is NOT associated with the 4th pharyngeal arch?

Aortic arch

Laryngeal cartilages

Superior laryngeal nerve

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

Which of the following is NOT associated with the 4th pharyngeal arch?

Aortic arch

Laryngeal cartilages

Superior laryngeal nerve

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

20
Q

More photo qs

21
Q

What structures are derived from the 4 pharyngeal pouches?

Parathyroid glands, tonsilsm, thymus

Eyes

Nasolacrimal duct

Digastric

A

What structures are derived from the 4 pharyngeal pouches?

Parathyroid glands, tonsilsm, thymus

Eyes

Nasolacrimal duct

Digastric

22
Q

Development of the Thyroid Gland:

In the midline of the floor of the pharynx (tongue), the endodermal lining of the foregut forms the []

The [] (same as above) migrates caudally (downwards), passing anteriorly to the hyoid bone and laryngeal cartilages. During this migration, the thyroid remains connected to the tongue by the [], which later obliterates.

A

In the midline of the floor of the pharynx (tongue), the endodermal lining of the foregut forms the thyroid diverticulum.

The thyroid diverticulum migrates caudally (downwards), passing anteriorly to the hyoid bone and laryngeal cartilages. During this migration, the thyroid remains connected to the tongue by the thyroglossal duct, which later obliterates.

23
Q

When cells are left over in the thyroglossual duct before it closes, they can manifest as a []’, which is a small lump that remains.

A

When cells are left over in the duct before it closes, they can manifest as a ‘Thyroglossal Cyst’, which is a small lump that remains.

Add photo of possible cyst locations

24
Q

A 18 year old patient presents with a midline swelling in their neck, close to their hyoid bone. You suspect they have a thyroglossal duct.

How would you expect the lump to move when they stick their tongue out?

Elevate
Not Move
Depress

A

A 18 year old patient presents with a midline swelling in their neck, close to their hyoid bone. You suspect they have a thyroglossal duct.

How would you expect the lump to move when they stick their tongue out?

Elevate
Not Move
Depress

As the cyst is attached to the tongue it will move with the tongue. Protrusion of the tongue will pull the cyst up in the neck.

25
Q

State the area / structure of the tongue with the correct pharyngeal arch it is derived from. [3]

Anterior 2/3
Epiglottis
Posterior 1/3

A

Anterior 2/3rd: Arch 1

Posterior 2/3rd: Arch 3

Epiglottis: Arch 4

26
Q

Development of the face:

The face is formed by which 3 swellings?

A

The frontonasal prominence

The maxillary prominence (pharyngeal arch 1)

The mandibular prominence (pharyngeal arch 1)

27
Q

What are nasal placodes? [1]

Nasal placodes develop on the ventrolateral aspects of which facial swelling? [1]

How do the nasal placodes develop and what do they form? [2]

A

nasal placodes: Bilateral ectodermal thickenings

Nasal placodes develop on ventrolateral aspects of the frontonasal prominence

Invaginate into the underlying mesoderm to form the nasal pits, thereby producing rides of tissue that from the medial nasal prominence and the lateral nasal prominence

Add photo

28
Q

Development of the Palate:

What / where is the intermaxillary segment? [1]

A

The intermaxillary segment (primary palate) is the initial portion of the palate to develop. It contains the central and lateral incisors.

29
Q

A cleft lip is formed from the failure of which two structures to form? [2]

A

Medial nasal prominence

Maxillary prominence

30
Q

Development of the Palate:

Describe the intermaxillary palate forms

A

Medial growth of the maxillary prominence pushes the two medial nasal prominences together at the midline

31
Q

The secondary palate forms from which structures? [1]

A

The secondary palate forms from outgrowth of the maxillary prominences called the palatine shelves.

32
Q

Describe the process of secondary palate formation [2]

A

Initially: palatine shelves project downward on either side of the tongue

Later: palatine shelves move horizontally and fuse along the palatine raphe to form the secondary palate

33
Q

PAWhere do the primary and secondary palatine fuse? [1]

What structure does this form? [1]

A

The primary and secondary palate fuse at the incisive foramen to form the definite palate

HD2 (55 decks)

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