Perfect tense Flashcards by christine collins

What is the perfect tense?

The perfect tense is used to talk about the past, especially single, rather than repeated actions

I’ve already eaten dessert

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I’ve already eaten dessert

Den Nachtisch habe ich schon gegessen

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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Last night I saw a crime drama on TV

Gestern Abend habe ich einen Krimi im Fernsehen gesehen

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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I’ve only seen her once since the accident

Seit dem Unfall habe ich sie nur einmal gesehen

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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She has already done her homework

Sie hat ihre Hausaufgaben schon gemacht

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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Did you sleep well?

Haben Sie gut geschlafen?

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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He worked hard

Er hat fleißig gearbeitet

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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I have already done that

Ich habe das schon gemacht

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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Where did you used to work?

Wo haben Sie früher gearbeitet?

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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I took a shower this morning

Ich habe mich heute Morgen geduscht

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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She didn’t remember it

Sie hat sich nicht daran erinnert

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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Yesterday I went to the cinema

Gestern bin ich ins Kino gegangen

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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She left very early this morning

Sie ist heute Morgen ganz früh abgefahren

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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At which stop did they get off?

An welcher Haltestelle sind sie ausgestiegen

Here the perfect tense talks about a single, completed action.

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How is the perfect tense formed in German

Conjugate present tense of haben or sein plus past participle

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Which verbs take haben as their auxiliary verb?

Most verbs use haben including reflexive verbs

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Conjugate in the present tense

haben (to have)

ich habe
du hast
er hat
wir haben
ihr habt
sie/Sie haben

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Conjugate in the perfect tense

machen (to make)

ich habe gemacht
du hast gemacht
er hat gemacht
wir haben gemacht
ihr habt gemacht
sie/Sie haben gemacht

Which verbs take sein as their auxiliary verb?

Verbs which take no direct object and mainly talk about movement or change of state use sein

Conjugate in the present tense

sein (to be)

ich bin
du bist
er ist
wir sind
ihr seid
sie/Sie sind

Conjugate in the perfect tense

gehen (to go)

ich bin gegangen
du bist gegangen
er ist gegangen
wir sind gegangen
ihr seid gegangen
sie/Sie sind gegangen

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They have made

Sie haben gemacht

machen uses haben as its auxilliary verb

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She didn’t remember it

Sie hat sich nicht daran erinnert

reflexive verbs use haben as their auxilliary verb

What is the past participle for

holen (to fetch)

geholt

For weak verbs the past participle is formed: ge + stem + t

# What is the past participle for machen (to make)

gemacht | For **weak** verbs the past participle is formed: **ge** + stem + **t**

# What is the past participle for studieren (to study)

studiert | For verbs ending in ierrn, **ge-** is not added

# What is the past participle for laufen (to run)

gelaufen | For strong verbs the pp is formed: ge + stem (plus vowel change) + en

# What is the past participle for singen (to sing)

gesungen | For strong verbs the pp is formed: ge + stem (plus vowel change) + en

# What is the past participle for bringen (to bring)

gebracht | For mixed verbs the pp is formed: ge + stem (plus vowel change) +t

# What is the past participle for aufmachen (to open up)

aufgemacht | For **seperable** verbs the past participle is prefix + pp of base verb

# What is the past participle for bestellen (to order)

bestellt | For inseperable verbs, ge is not added to the stem when forming the pp

# Translate to German I have gone

Ich bin gegangen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German You have come

Du bist gekommen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German He has arrived

Er ist angekommen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German We have left

Wir sind gegangen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German She has got on

Sie ist eingestiegen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German They have died

Sie sind gestorben | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German We have been

Wir sind gewesen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German They have become

Sie sind geworden | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German He has remained

Er ist geblieben | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German They have met

Sie sind begegnet | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German We have succeeded

Es ist uns gelungen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German I have got up

Ich bin aufgestanden | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein

# Translate to German She has fallen

Sie ist gefallen | Verbs which take no direct object, movement or changes of state use sein