Pelvis and perineum 2 Flashcards
What is cryptochordism
undescended testes
What are the contents of the inguinal canal in males?
3 fascias = external and internal spermatic fascias + cremasteric fascia
3 arteries = testicular, cremasteric and deferential arteries
3 veins = pompiform plexus, testicular vein, cremesteric + deferential veins
3 nerves = genital branch of genitofemoral, ilioinguinal + autonomic nerves
+ lymphatics
What is the function of the pompiform plexus
To dissipate heat
What fascias are in the inguinal canal in males
external and internal spermatic fascias + cremasteric fascia
What arteries are in the inguinal canal in males
testicular, cremasteric and deferential arteries
What veins are in the inguinal canal in males
pompiform plexus, testicular vein, cremesteric and deferential veins
What nerves are in the inguinal canal in males
genital branch of genitofemoral, ilioinguinal and autonomic nerves
What are the contents of the inguinal canal in females?
round ligament of uterus
genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
ilioinguinal nerve
What/where are the regions of the urethra
Intramural/preprostatic connecting the bladder and the prostate, then prostatic travelling through the prostate, then intermediate between the prostate until turning into spongy
What does the internal urethral sphincter do in ejaculation?
closes to stop the accidental release of urine
What are the two tissues that make up the penis?
Corpus spongiosum
Corpora cavernosa
What nerves are involved in erection and what do they cause?
Parasympathetic fibres of S2,3,4 which cause increased blood flow and vasodilation in corpura cavernosa (mainly) and in corpus spongiosum.
What is the function of Buck’s deep fascia
surrounds erectile tissue which restricts venous drainage increasing blood trapped in penis
What nerves are involved in spermatic emission and what do they cause?
Sympathetic efferent fibres (L1,2) via pelvic plexus causes ductus deferens and seminal vesicles to contract - expulation of sperms & secretion into urethra
What muscles are responsible for ejaculation
rhytmic contraction of bulbospongiosum and opening of external urethral sphincter
What layer of the uterus lining is lost in menstruation?
endometrial layer
What is the term used to describe the fertilisaiton of an ova outside of the fllopian tube
ectopic pregnancy
What are the openings of the vaginal vestibule
urethra
vaginal
2 ducts of greater vestibular glands
2 ducts of lesser vestibular glands
What types of cells are in the testes
seminiferous tubules,
leydig cells
sertoli cells
What nerve controls ejaculation
pudendal nerve
Are ovaries intra- or retroperitoneal
intraperitoneal
