Macronutrients

Question 1

Why are dietary fats essential?

Answer 1

Majot constituents of membrane phospholipids

Precursors of eicosanoids (prostaglandins, etc.)

Question 2

What is the omega value of a fat mean

Answer 2

The number of carbon atoms away from the end of the chain where the last c=c bond is

Question 3

What are the uses of omega 3

Answer 3

Provides protection against CV disease

Needed in developing brain

Question 4

What are the risk factors for CVD

Answer 4

genetic susceptibility
smoking
sedentary lifestyle
HBP
high cholesterol

Question 5

What type of fats can decrease blood pressure

Answer 5

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 6

What affect do saturated fatty acids have on cholesterol

Answer 6

increases cholesterol

Question 7

What are the conditions linked to protein deficiency

Answer 7

Growth failure
Marasmus
Kwashiorkor
Marasmic Kwashiorkor

Question 8

What is marasmus

Answer 8

Extreme emaciation
loss of bodys fat reserves
muscle wasting
loss of protein from vital organs
impaired immune response
loss of intestinal mucosa + absorption
diarrhoea
apathy

(Extreme malnourishment)

Question 9

Kwashiorkor

Answer 9

Caused by high carb, low protein diet (common in Africa)
Liver enlargement; dermatitis + severe oedema

General food deficiency with added deficiency of antioxidant nutirents not being able to cope with oxidative stress of infection

Question 10

What is marasmic Kwashiorkor

Answer 10

Mixture of marasmus and kwashiorkor - child can switch from one to another.