Aerobic respiration

Question 1

What is the order of the intermediated in the TCA cycle?

Answer 1

Citrate
Isocitrate
alpha-ketoglutarate
succinylCoA
succinate
fumarate
malate
oxaloacetate - combines with acteylCoA to form citrate

Question 2

What can citrate be used for in biosynthesis

Answer 2

Fatty acids, sterols

Question 3

What can alpha-ketoglutarate be used for in biosynthesis

Answer 3

glutamine via transamination, which can then form other amino acids, purines

Question 4

What can malate be used for in biosynthesis

Answer 4

can form pyruvate by action of malic enzyme

Question 5

What can oxaloacetate be used for in biosynthesis

Answer 5

it can form phosphophenol pyruvate via PEP carboxylase
which can then go on to form glucose

aspartate via transamination which can then form other amino acids, pyrimidines

pyruvate can be converted into oxaloacetate via pyruvate carboxylase

Question 6

What enzyme converts citrate to isocitrate?

Answer 6

Aconitase

Question 7

What does aconitase do?

Answer 7

converts citrate to isocitrate in the TCA cycle, needs Fe

Question 8

What enzyme converts isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate?

Answer 8

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

Question 9

What does isocitrate dehydrogenase do?

Answer 9

Converts isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate producing a CO2 and 2H

Question 10

What enzyme converts alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA?

Answer 10

Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Question 11

What does ketoglutarate dehydrogenase do?

Answer 11

Converts alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA producing CO2 and 2H, adding CoASH

Question 12

What enzyme converts succinyl CoA to succinate?

Answer 12

Succinate thiokinase

Question 13

What does succinate thiokinase do?

Answer 13

Converts succinyl CoA to succinate releasing CoA and GTP

Question 14

What converts succinate to fumarate

Answer 14

Succinate dehydrogenase

Question 15

What does succinate dehydrogenase do?

Answer 15

Converts succinate to fumarate producing FADH2

Question 16

What converts fumarate to malate

Answer 16

Fumarase

Question 17

What does fumarase do?

Answer 17

Converts fumarate to malate

Question 18

What converts malate into oxaloacetate

Answer 18

malate dehydrogenase

Question 19

What does malate dehydrogenase do?

Answer 19

Converts malate to oxaloacetate

Question 20

What converts oxaloacetate to citrate?

Answer 20

Citrate synthase

Question 21

What does pyruvate carboxylase do?

Answer 21

Converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate

Question 22

What does PEP carboxylase do?

Answer 22

converts oxaloacetate to phosphophenol pyruvate

Question 23

What does malic enzyme do?

Answer 23

Converts malate to pyruvate

Question 24

What effect does ADP have on isocitrate dehydrogenase?

Answer 24

It activates it

Question 25

What effect does NADH have on isocitrate dehydrogenase?

Answer 25

It inhibits it

Question 26

What effect does NADH have on ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?

Answer 26

It inhibits it

Question 27

What effect does succinyl CoA have on ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?

Answer 27

It inhibits it

Question 28

What effect does NADH have on citrate synthase?

Answer 28

It inhibits it

Question 29

What effect does succinyl CoA have on citrate synthase?

Answer 29

It inhibits it

Question 30

What metal is needed for aconitase

Answer 30

Fe