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Block One > Pelvic Limb > Flashcards

Pelvic Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Hip extendors

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, superficial gluteal (contributes to extension but almost entirely adduction/abduction plane of fiber direction), middle gluteal, deep gluteal

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2
Q

biceps femoris

A

Origin- Ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion- tibial tuberosity and tuber calcanei distally into broad fascial sleeve on lateral side of thigh; and on stifle aspect of fascia lata; crural fascial to patella and patellar ligament, (to cr border tibia), crural fascia on cd part of limb ( attaches to tibia body via this)
Innervation- Sciatic nerve
Action- Hip Extendor, stifle flexion, stifle extension, tarsal extension

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3
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin- Ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion- distally to proximal medial surface of tibia and to tubercalcanei via crural fascia
Innervation- sciatic nerve
Action- Hip Extendor, stifle flexion, tarsal extension

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4
Q

Semimembranosis

A

Origin- Ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion- Distal medial lip of caudal rough surface of femur and medial condyle of tibia (cd aspect proximal end of tibia)
Innervation- Sciatic nerve
Action- Hip Extendor, stifle flexion (1st muscle belly= flexor= attaches to cd aspect proximal end of tibia crossing flexor surface), stifle extension (2nd muscle belly= attaches to distal and medial aspect of femur via tendon)

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5
Q

Superficial gluteal

A

Origin- Sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion- 3rd trochanter of the femur
Innervation- cd gluteal nerve
Action- Contributes to extension, abductor (primary)

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6
Q

Middle Gluteal

A

Origin- large portion on lateral and dorsal surface of the ilium
Insertion- greater trochanter of the femur (cd to the axis or rotation of the hip jt)
Innervaiton- cranial gluteal nerve
Action- hip extensor, during extension abduct and rotate pelvic limb medially

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7
Q

Deep Gluteal

A

Origin- body of ilium cd to middle gluteal
Insertion- cranial aspect of greater trochanter (cd to axis of rotation of the hip)
Action- hip extensor during extension abduct hip and rotate pelvic limb medially
Innervation- cranial gluteal nerve

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8
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Origin- ventral lumbar vertebrae and ileum
Insertion- lesser trochanter of femur
Action- MAIN hip flexor; flexor of vertebral column
Innervation- ventral branches of lumbar spinal nerves and femoral nerve
Union of poses major and iliac muscles
** ONLY EXTRINSIC MUSCLE OF PELVIC LIMB*

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9
Q

femoral triangle boundaries

A

satoris (cr), pectinous and gracilis (cd)

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10
Q

Hind Limb abduction

A

Primary- superficial gluteal

Secondary- deep and middle gluteal

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11
Q

Hind limb adduction

A

Primary- Gracilis, pectinous, adductor muscle

Secondary- Sartorius

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12
Q

Sartorious muscle

A

Origin- cranial border of ilium
Insertion- Tibia
Action- Hip flexion (primary), Hip adduction (secondary), cr belly stifle extensor, cd belly stifle flexor
Innervation- Femoral nerve

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13
Q

Gracilis

A

Origin- Pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon
Insertion- cr border of tibia, tubercalcenei
Action- Adduction of hip, stifle flexion, tarsal extension
Innervation- obturator nerve

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14
Q

Pectineus

A

Origin- Iliopubic eminence
Insertion- caudal medial surface distal end of femur via long tendon
Action- Adductor of hip
Innervation- Obturator nerve

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15
Q

Adductor muscle

A

Origin- pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon, and ventral surface ischium and pubis
Insertion- caudal aspect rough face of femur
Aciton- Adductor of hip
Innervation- Obturator nerve

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16
Q

importance adduction

A

adductor gracilis and pectinous positioned to keep limb close to body and counter act potential abduction by gluteal muscles during hip extension

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17
Q

lateral rotation of hind limb

A

Exteneral obturator, internal obturator, gemelli, quadratus femoris
Lateral rotation is to counteract medial rotation of limb by gluteal muscles during limb extension

18
Q

Internal obturator

A

Origin- symphysis pelvis, dorsal surface ischium and pubis
Insertion- trochanter fossa of femur
Innervation- sciatic nerve
Action- Lateral rotation of hind limb

19
Q

Gemelli

A

Origin- lateral surface of ischium cd to acetabulum ventral to lesser ischiatic notch
Insertion- trochanter fossa
Action- Lateral rotation of hind limb
Innervation- sciatic nerve

20
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Origin- Ventral surface caudal part of ischium
Insertion- intertrochanteric crest
Aciton- lateral rotation of hind limb
Innervation- sciatic nerve

21
Q

External obturator

A

Origin- Ventral surface of pubis and ischium
Insertion- Trochanteric fossa
Action- lateral rotation of hind limb
Innervation- Obturator nerve

22
Q

Stifle flexion

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

Secondary- gracilis , cd border sartorius

23
Q

Stifle extension

A

Primary- Quadriceps femoris

Secondary- Tensor fascia latae, cr border sartorius, biceps femoris

24
Q

Tensor Fascia latae muscle

A

Origin- tubercoxae and adjacent part of ileum, aponeurosis of middle gluteal muscle
Insertion- lateral femoral fascia
Action- Flexion of hip, extension of stifle
Innervation- Cr gluteal nerve

25
Q

Quadricep femoris

A

4 heads- rectus femoris, vastus laterals, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
Origin- rectus femoris: ileum
Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius- proximal femur
Insertion- tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Inenrvation- Femoral nerve
Action- Stifle extensor; rectus femoris can participate in hip flexion

26
Q

3 regions of pes

A

tarsus, metatarsus, digits

27
Q

flexion of tarsus

A

motion that decreases angle between tibia and distal surface of metatarsals

28
Q

Retinaculum

A

ct band around tendons to stabilize them

29
Q

Extension of tarsus

A

any muscle attaching to calcanea tendon participates in extending tarsus; biceps femoris, semitendinosis, gracilis, gastrocnemius, and superficial digital flexor

30
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin- distal end of femur in association with 2 sesamoid bones
Insertion- Proximal distal surface of tubercalceni
Action- Extension of tarsus
Innervation- Tibial nerve

31
Q

superficial digital flexor muscle and gastrocnemius

A

half twist before reaching tubercalcanei change position bc superficial digital flexor has to become superficial to gastrocnemius because it has more distal attachment

32
Q

Superficial digital flexor muscle

A

Origin- arises in common with lateral head of gastrocnemius (lateral super condylar tuberosity of femur)
Insertion- tuber calcanei and bases fo middle phalanges (P2) of digits II, III, IV, V
Action- Extension of tarsus, flexion of digits
Innervation- Tibial nerve

33
Q

Flexion of the tarsus

A

Cranial tibial muscle, long digital extensor muscle, fibulas longus muscle (all 3 on cranial lateral surface of the tibia)

34
Q

Cranial tibial muscle

A

Origin- cranially on tibia (extensor groove and at adjacent articular margin of tibia, lateral edge of cranial tibial border)
Insertion- plantar surface of metatarsals I and II
Action- flexion of tarsus (its tendon crosses flexor surface of tarsus medially)
Innervation- fibular nerve

35
Q

Long Digital Extensor

A

Origin- extensor fossa of femur
Insertion- extensor process of distal phalanges of digits II, III, IV, V
Action- Primary- Extension of digits; Secondary flexes tarsus
Innervation- Fibular nerve

36
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Origin- proximal tibia and fibula
Insertion- 4th tarsal bone, plantar aspect of base of metatarsals
Action- Flexes tarsus; can cause plantar surface of pet to move laterally
Innervation- fibular nerve

37
Q

Flexion of metatarsus

A

decrease in angle between phlanges on plantar surface of paw

38
Q

normal standing position of dog the metatarsus is

A

overextended

39
Q

Extension of digits

A

Long digital extensor

40
Q

Deep digital flexor

A

Origin- cranial aspect of proximal 2/3 of tibia and adjacent fibula (proximal 1/2)
Insertion- 2 heads come together to form common tendon (DDFT) then distal to tarsus tendon divides into 4 individual tendons which attach on plantar aspect of distal phalanges (p3) of all 4 digits
Action- digital flexor, tarsal extendor
Innervation- tibial nerve

41
Q

DDFT and SDFT

A

DDF deep to SDF but inserts more distally on limb (P3 vs P2) to overcome blockade of SDF splits at level of metatarsal phalangeal jt and DDR passes through

Block One (31 decks)

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