Dissection XII: GI System: Spatial Relationships And Mesenteries

Question 1

Bolus of food from oral cavity to anal canal

Answer 1

Oral cavity -> pharynx (all parts) -> esophagus -> stomach -> duodenum -> jejunum -> ileum -> cecum -> colon -> rectum -> anal canal

Question 2

Falciform ligament

Answer 2

Attached to ventral body wall at midline, fold of peritoneum passing between umbilicus and diaphragm; in adult this contains large accumulations of fat

Question 3

Median ligament of the bladder

Answer 3

Attaches to ventral body wall at midline; attaches between bladder and umbilicus

Question 4

Greater omentum

Answer 4

Sheet of two layers of serous membrane that connect greater curvature of the stomach to dorsal body wall; folds caudally and forms superficial and deep leaf

Question 5

3 visceral structures not covered by greater omentum

Answer 5

Bladder, descending colon, descending duodenum

Question 6

Omental bursa

Answer 6

Space between superficial and deep leaves of the greater omentum

Question 7

Spleen and greater omentum

Answer 7

Spleen is entirely surrounded by superfical leaf (as it covers surface of spleen it fuses with underlying splenic capsule creating texture that is different from rest of greater omentum)

Question 8

Deep leaf

Answer 8

Follow superficial leaf caudally and it reflects dorsally and this is the deep leaf; dorsally this encloses left lobe of the pancreas

Question 9

Epiploic foramen

Answer 9

Natural opening into the omental bursa

Question 10

Inguinal canal formation

Answer 10

Formed as body wall closes around vaginal process and and structures it enfolds in the male; internal boundary is deep inguinal ring; bounded by free edge of internal abdominal oblique cranially, rectus abdominus medially, and inguinal ligament caudally

Question 11

Vaginal ring

Answer 11

Transition from parietal peritoneum to vaginal process (reflection of parietal peritoneum at level of deep inguinal ring)

Question 12

Peritoneal cavity between abdominal cavity and inguinal extension

Answer 12

Remains continuous between abdominal caivty and inguinal extension; peritoneal cavity remains closed

Question 13

Structures associated with the testis

Answer 13

Testicular artery, vein, and ductus deferens) they are covered by parietal peritoneum making them outside or deep to vaginal ring

Question 14

Structures that the peritoneal evagination transverse

Answer 14

Deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal, and superficial inguinal ring

Question 15

Caudal extent of peritoneal cavity

Answer 15

Pararectal fossae, rectogenital pouch, vesicogenital pouch, pubovesical pouch

Question 16

Pararectal fossae

Answer 16

Between dorsal body wall and the rectum

Question 17

Rectogenital pouch

Answer 17

Between the rectum and the reproductive tract

Question 18

Vesicogenital pouch

Answer 18

Between the reproductive tract and the bladder

Question 19

Pubovesical pouch

Answer 19

Between the bladder and ventral wall area

Question 20

Pelvic cavity boundaries

Answer 20

Cranial- Pelvic inlet
Dorsally- sacral vertebrea
Ventrally- arcuate line of the ilium (pelvic inlet), is hiatus arch (pelvic outlet)
Laterally- lateral wall composed of ilium, ischium, and pubis; superfical gluteal muscle, muscles of pelvic diaphragm, and sacrotuberous ligament (pelvic outlet)
Caudal- pararectal fossae, rectogenital pouch, vesicogenital pouch, pubovesical pouch