Disection IV Circulatory System Of The Thorax

Question 1

Pericardial caivty

Answer 1

The hearts associated pericardial caivty. Found within the mediastium

Question 2

Visceral pericardium

Answer 2

On the surface of the heart

Question 3

Parietal pericardium

Answer 3

Lining the walls of the pericardial cavity

Question 4

Serous fluid of the pericardial cavity

Answer 4

Acts as a shock absorber and lubricant for the heart as it pumps blood

Question 5

Fibrous pericardial layer

Answer 5

Formed between the parietal layer of pericardium and mediastinum adheres to the mediastinal parietal pleura

Question 6

The pericardium

Answer 6

Made up of parietal pericardium, fiberous pericardium, and mediastinal parietal pleura; strength of pericardium comes from fiberous pericardium

Question 7

Venous return cranial vena cava

Answer 7

Major veins of the forelimb, neck, and head come together at thoracic inlet

Question 8

Venous return caudal vena cava

Answer 8

Blood returns from hindlimb, pelvis, and abdomen return to heart via caudal vena cava

Question 9

Venous return from thoracic body wall

Answer 9

Via unpaired azygous vein dorsally and paired right and left internal thoracic veins ventrally

Question 10

Brachiocephalic veins

Answer 10

Formed by the joining of external jugular veins and subclavian veins

Question 11

Primary branches of the aortic arch

Answer 11

Brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery

Question 12

First two branches of brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 12

Left and right common carotid arteries

Question 13

Termination of brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 13

Terminates with name change to right subclavian artery

Question 14

Branches of the subclavian artery

Answer 14

Identical on both sides, costocervical trunk, vertebral artery, superficial cervical artery, internal thoracic artery

Question 15

Internal thoracic artery

Answer 15

Travels on internal surface of thoracic cavity along sternum, usually the last branch of subclavian artery (other three come off proximal to it); supplies many branches to surrounding structures, phrenic nerve, thymus, mediastinal pleural, and dorsal intercostal spaces

Question 16

Collateral circulation

Answer 16

Provision of arterial supply to a region or structure from more than one arterial source

Question 17

Intercostal arteries

Answer 17

Exemplify collateral circulation run parallel to the ribs blood reaches arteries via ventral and dorsal approach

Question 18

Bronchoesophageal artery

Answer 18

Unpaired, leaves right fifth intercostal artery close to its origin and crosses to supply esophageal arteries to esophagus and bronchial arteries to bronchi that contribute to structural blood supply of the lung; bronchial artery is second branch of bronchoesophageal branches

Question 19

Fossa ovalis

Answer 19

Left over from the foramen oval, show in adult as round depression caudal to intravenous tubercle in right atrium

Question 20

Ligamentum arteriosum

Answer 20

Makes connection between pulmonary trunk and aorta at a point distal to branch off point of left subclavian artery, this is a remnant of the ductus arteriosis

Question 21

Superficial cervical artery

Answer 21

Supplies base of neck and adjacent scapular region

Question 22

Vertebral artery

Answer 22

Supplies muscular branches to cervical muscles and spinal branches at each intervertebral foramen to spinal cord and its coverings

Question 23

Costocervical trunk

Answer 23

Supplies structures of first second and third intercostal spaces, muscles at base of the neck, and muscles dorsal to first few thoracic vertebrea