peds26 Flashcards
clinical features of keratoconjunctivitis
petechial conjunctival hemorrhage, preauricular lymphadenopathy, and a pseudomembrane along the conjunctiva; photophobia in 1/3 of patients; lack of fever or pharyngitis; highly contagious
management of epidemic keratoconjunctiviti
supportive, including cool compresses and NSAD drops
primary ocular herpes simplex virus
HSV-1; skin eruption with multiple vesicular lesions; corneal ulcer (rare)
diagnosis of primary ocular HSV
pos viral culture or direct fluorescent antibody staining of vesicular fluid
management of primary ocular HSV
systemic or topical acyclovir; topical antibiotics applied to skin can prevent secondary bacterial infection
allergic conjunctivitis
type 1 hypersens reaction; usually seasonal and accompanies seasonal allergic rhinitis;
treatment for allergic conjunctitivitis
topical mast cell stabilizing drops such as cromolyn; OR topical antihistamines
hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
presentation of pediatric red eye in which the child presents with both conjunctivitis and subconjunctival hemorrhage
causes of hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
h flu, adenovirus, and picornavirus
blepharitis
eye lid inflamm; one of the most common causes of red eye
usual cuase of blepharitis
staph aureus
clinical features of blepharitis
burning, crusting, and scales at the eye lash base; thickened and hyperemic eyelid margins; hx of waking in morning w eye lashes stuck together
management of blepharitis
eyelid hygiene; topical erythromycin ointment is also applied
nasolacrimal duct obstruction
failure of complete canalization of the lacrimal system; leads to obstruction to tear outflow; obstruction typically occurs distally at hasner’s valve
clinical features of nasolacrimal duct obstruction
watery eye with increased tear lake; matted eyelashes; mucus in the medial canthal area; bilateral involvement (one third of patients)
