peds103 Flashcards
diff between umbilical hernia, oomphalocele, and gastroschesis
umbilical hernia covered by skin, oomphalocele covered by peritoneaum, gastroschesis uncovered intestines (always to the right)
simple febrile seizure
nonfocal (tonic-clonic or atonic), one episode less than 15 mins or multiple less than 30 mins
complex febrile seizure
focal, one episode greater than 15 mins or multiple greater than 30 mins
management of febrile seizure
abortive therapy if seizure greater than 5 mins, reassurance/education; brain imaging can be considered in complex febrile seizure only
prognosis for febrile seizures
normal development/intelligence; 30% risk of recurrence, less than 5% risk of epilepsy
age for febrile seizures
6 mos to 6 years
recurrent URI, persistent nasal drainage, and nasal polyps
rule out CF
2 yo how many words
200 words
builds a tower of 6 cubes
2 years
walks down and up stairs, jumps, throws a ball overhead
2 years
follows two step commands, removes clothes
2 years
copies a circle, uses utensils, stacks 9 blocks
3 yo
climbs stairs with alternating feet
3 yeas
rides a tricycle
3 years
states first name
3 yo
washes/dries hands
3 yo
draws a person, begins to use sciessors, holds crayon with tripod grasp
4 yo
hops on one foot without losing balance
4 yo
counts to 10
4 yo
tells stories, uses plurals and prepositions
4 yo
klumpke palsy
c8, t1 are injured; forearm pronators, wrist flexors, and dilators of the iris and elevators of the eyelid ; claw hand; moro intact; grasp reflex absent
erb-duchenne palsy
most common type of brachial plexus injury and involves the C5 and C6; leads to waiter’s tip posture; grasp reflex intact; may have decreaed or absent moro reflexes
newborn with failure to thrive, bilateral cataracts, jaundice, and hypoglycemia
galactosemia, caused by galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase def, leading to elevated galactose in the blood
aminoaciduria, hepatic cirrhosis, hypoglycemia, and mental retard
galactosemia
neonate with cataracts only
galactokinase def
neonate with cutaneous lesions on the palms and soles, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, anemia, and rhinorrhe
congenital syphilis
late congenital manifestations of syphilis
present after two years of age; frontal bossing, high arched palate, hutchinson teeth, intersitialkeratitis, saddle nose, and perioral fissures
treatment for syphilis
parenteral penicillin G
hepatosplenomegaly, hydrocephalus, chorioretinisit, and intracranial calcifications
congenital toxo
sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts, heart defects, hepatosplenomegaly, petechiae or purpura (blueberry muffin)
congenital rubella
IUGR, hepatosplenomegaly, petechiae or purpura, microcephaly, chorioretinitis, sensorineural hearing loss, and periventricular calcifications
congenital CMV
xray of baby born with congenital syphilis
metaphyseal dystrophy and periositis
fever, odynophagia/dysphagia, drooling, neck siffness, muffled voice, and unable to open the mouth completely
infection of the larynx, pharynx, or deep neck space
what imaging to see retropharyngeal abscess
CT with contrast
difference in the dishcarge of chlamdia and gon conjunctivitis?
chlamyd is more watery, mucoud discharge and less purulent than gonococcla
how to prevent gonoccocal conjunctivitis
topical erythromycin within 1 hours of birth
most common type of leukmia in kids
ALL
lymphoblasts that lack peroxidase positive granules but often contain cytoplasmic aggregates of periodic acid Schiff pos material (PAS)
ALL
peroxidase pos material
in myeloblasts
histologic starry sky appearance
burkitt lymphoma (which responds well to chemo due to high mitotic rate
auer rods
acute myelocytic leukemia (AML)
myelodysplastic syndromes
clonal stem cell disorders which may progress to acute leukemias; usually seen in elderly patients and characterized by pancytopenia
TdT positive staining
expressed only by pre B and pre T lymphoblasts
recurrent sinopulm infections, oral candidiasis, persistent diarrhea, opportunistic infection and viral infections
SCID
absent lymph nodes and tonsils, lymphopenia, absent thymic shadow on chest xray, and abnormal T, B, and natural killer cell enumeration
SCID
common variable immunodeficiency is the same as
acquired hypogammaglobinemia
CVID
manifest at later age (15 yo), serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE may be decreased; NO absence or decrease in the number of B cells
x-linked agammaglobineumia
aka Bruton’s agammaglobinemia
male infant who is initially asymptomatic until 6-9 mo, when he begins to have recurrent Strep pneumo or H flu infections
Bruton’s agammaglobinemia
