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MEMORYBYTES > Pedia > Flashcards

Pedia Flashcards

1
Q

Neonate Age

A

First 28 days of life

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2
Q

Infant Age

A

1 month - 1 year

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3
Q

Toddler Age

A

1 - 3 years

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4
Q

Preschool Age

A

4-6 years

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5
Q

School Age

A

7 - 12 years

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6
Q

Adolescent

A

13 - 18 years

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7
Q

900 words vocabulary

A

3 years old

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8
Q

1500 word vocabulary

A

4 years old

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9
Q

2,100 words vocabulary

A

5 years old

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10
Q

Normal Birthweight

A

2.5 - 4.0 kg

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11
Q

Birthweight x2

A

6 months

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12
Q

Birthweight x3

A

12 months / 1 year old

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13
Q

Birthweight x4

A

2 1/2 years

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14
Q

Low Birthweight

A

<2,500 grams

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15
Q

Large Birthweight (macrosomia)

A

> 4,000 grams

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16
Q

Birth length

A

46 - 54 cm

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17
Q

Head circumference

A

33 - 35 cm / 13-14 inches

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18
Q

Chest circumference

A

31 - 33 cm/ 12- 13 inches

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19
Q

Tonic neck disappear

A

4 months

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20
Q

Palmar Grasp

A
  • Start: 2 months
  • Disappear: 4-5 months
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21
Q

Moro reflex disappear

A

4-6 months

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22
Q

Sucking and rooting disappear

A

3 - 4 months

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23
Q

Stepping or walking present

A

3 - 4 months

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24
Q

Plantar reflex

A
  • Disappear: 8-10 months
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25
Q

Anterior fontanelle closes

A

12 - 18 months

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26
Q

Posterior fontanelle closes

A

2 - 3 months

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27
Q

Caput Succedaneum

A

Swelling of scalp caused by prolonged labor

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28
Q

Caput Succedaneum disappear

A

3rd day of life

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29
Q

Cephalhematoma

A

Collection of blood caused by increased pressure of birth

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30
Q

Cephalhematoma absorbed

A

3 - 6 weeks

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31
Q

Craniotabes

A

Localized swelling of the cranial bones caused by pressure of the fetal skull against the mother pelvic bone in uterus

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32
Q

Low set ears indicates

A

Chromosomal disease
1. Trisomy 21(Down Syndrome)
2. Kidney anomaly

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33
Q

Choanal atresia

A

Blockage at the rear of nose

Assessment:
- close the newborns mouth and press one nares at a time with fingers. Note any discomfort or distress

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34
Q

Cryptorchidism

A

One or both testicles not present

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35
Q

Epispadias

A

-Urethra doesn’t fully develop and reach the penis tip
- The opening is on the top of the penis. (Dorsal Surface)

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36
Q

Hypospadias

A
  • Urethra doesn’t fully develop and reach the penis tip.
  • The opening is on the bottom of the penis. (Ventral surface)
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37
Q

Anencephaly

A

Absence of cranial bone

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38
Q

Craniosynostosis

A

Early closure of suture line

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39
Q

Flat nasal bridge

A

Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)

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40
Q

Short Neck indicate

A

Down Syndrome

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41
Q

Webbed neck indicate

A

Turner syndrome

42
Q

Spina Bifida Occulta

A

There is a small gap in the spine, but no opening or sac on the back

43
Q

Spina Bifida Meningocele

A

Protrusion: Sac
(Meninges + CSF)

44
Q

Spina Bifida Thylomeningocele

A

Protrusion: Sac
(Meninges+ CSF + Spinal Cord/Nerve)

45
Q

Amelia

A

Absence of extremities

46
Q

Phocomelia

A

Incomplete extremities

47
Q

Micromelia

A

Small extremities

48
Q

Syndactyly

A

Fusion of digits

49
Q

Polydactyly

A

Excess digit

50
Q

Clubfoot

A

Abnormal flexion of foot

51
Q

Varus Deviation

A

Foot turn inward

52
Q

Valgus Deviation

A

Foot turn outward

53
Q

Equinos

A

Forefoot are lower than the heel

54
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus Medication

A

Ibuprofen
Indomethacin

55
Q

Machinery like murmur

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

56
Q

Loud systolic murmur

A

Ventricular Septal Defect

57
Q

Olive shape mass in epigastrium

A

Pyloric stenosis

58
Q

Ribbon like stool

A

Hirschsprung Disease

59
Q

Wink reflex

A

Touching the skin near the rectum should make it contact (imperforated anus)

60
Q

Barlow test

A

Adduct the hip, then apply a downward pressure over the knee with your thumb. If the hip is unstable, the femoral head will slip out of the acetabulum, producing the palpable sensation of the hip dislocating. If the hip is dislocatable, then Barlow’s test is positive. (Hip Dysplasia)

61
Q

Galeazzi sign

A

Child lying down supine with the hips and knees flexed to 90°, the feet flat on the table and the heels touching the buttocks. An inequality in the height of the knees is a positive Galeazzi sign. (Hip Dysplasia)

62
Q

Ortolani test

A

Reduction is done by abduction of the hip and pushing thigh anteriorly (Hip Dysplasia)

63
Q

Jelly stool/strawberry jam stoo

A

Intussusception

64
Q

Marfan Syndrome

A
  • Tall and thin with unusually long arms, legs, fingers and toes
65
Q

Complementary feeding

A
  • Best time: 6 months
  • Earliest time: 4 months
  • Avoid: grapes, corn, popcorn
66
Q

Egg white

67
Q

Honey

68
Q

Dancing/Stepping disappearance

69
Q

Babinski

A
  • stroke the sole
  • Disappear: 12 months
70
Q

Galand Reflex

A
  • stroke the back then the baby will turn to side
  • Disappear: 9-10 months
71
Q

Cross-Extension Reflex

A
  • hawakan ang isang paa then sisipain ang kabilang paa
  • Disappear: 12 months
72
Q

Parachute Reflex

A
  • falling sensation
  • Disappear: 18 months
73
Q

Landau Reflex

A
  • superman
  • Disappear: 2 years old
74
Q

Neurological Reflex

A

TDDMPGBCPL

  1. Tonic-neck/Boxing/Fencing
    (4 months)
  2. Dancing/Stepping (4 months)
  3. Darwin/Palmar (4-5 months)
  4. Moro/Startle (4-6 months)
  5. Plantar (8-10 months)
  6. Galand Reflex (9-10 months)
  7. Babinski (12 months)
  8. Cross-Extension (12 months)
  9. Parachute (18 months)
  10. Landau Reflex (2 years old)
75
Q

Sigmund Freud

A
  • Psychosexual/Psychoanalytical
  • OA PHA LA GE
  1. Oral Stage (birth-1 year)
  2. Anal Stage (1-3 years)
  3. Phallic Stage (3-6 years)
  4. Latent Stage (6-puberty)
  5. Genital Stage (puberty-death)
76
Q

Erik Erikson

A
  • Psychosocial
  1. Trust vs. Mistrust
    (0-18 months)
  2. Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt (2-3years)
  3. Initiative vs. Guilt
    (3-5 years)
  4. Industry vs. Inferiority
    (6-11 years)
  5. Identity vs. Role Confusion
    (12-18 years)
  6. Intimacy vs. Isolation
    (19-40 years)
  7. Generativity vs. Stagnation
    (40-65 years)
  8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair
    (65 and above)
77
Q

Jean Piaget

A
  • Cognitive Development
  1. Sensorimotor Stage (birth-2 years)
  2. Pre Operational Stage (2-7 years)
  3. Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years)
  4. Formal Operational Stage (12 and above)
78
Q

Lawrence Kohlberg

A
  • Moral Development

Level 1: Preconventional Morality
(0-9 years)
- Obedience & Punishment
- Individualism & Exchange

Level 2: Conventional Morality
(early adolescence - adulthood)
- Good Girl - Good Boy
- Maintaining Social Order

Level 3: Post Conventional
- Social Contract & Individual Rights
- Universal Principle

79
Q

Play

A
  • Infant - solitary
    1-4 months (mobile)
    4-7 months (rattle)
    7-10 months (large cubes & books)
    11-12 months (push & pull, play hammer)
  • Toddler - Parallel play
  • Preschool - Associative/Cooperative
  • School Age - Competitive (indoor)
  • Adolescent - Competitive (outdoor)
80
Q

Fear

A
  • Infant: stranger anxiety
  • Toddler: separation anxiety
  • Preschool: mutation, ghost, dark
  • School Age: bully, losing, failure
  • Adolescence: relationship, death
81
Q

Important Person

A
  • Infant: Mother, Caregiver
  • Toddler: Parents
  • Preschool: Parents, siblings,
  • School Age: Teacher
  • Adolescence: Peers, Relationship
82
Q

Birth - 90 minutes

A
  1. Thoroughly Drying (30 seconds)
  2. Skin to Skin Contact (30 seconds)
  3. Properly Cord Clamping & Cutting (1-3 minutes)
  4. Non Separation (90 minutes) & Breastfeeding (60 minutes)
83
Q

90 minutes - 6 hours

A
  1. Vaccine
    - BCG (0.05 ml) (right deltoid)
    - Hepatitis ab (0.5 ml) (right vastus lateralis)
    - Vitamin K (0.1 ml) ( left vastus lateralis)
  2. Anthro Metric
84
Q

Abdominal Circumference

A

31-33 cm/ 12-13 inches

85
Q

Fetal Length/Height

A

45-55 cm/ 18-22 inches

86
Q

6 hours after

87
Q

Within 24-72 hours

A

Newborn screening

88
Q

Apgar Score

A
  • every 1 and 5 minutes
  • 0-3: severely depressed (CPR)
  • 4-6: fair/guarded (Oxygen/Suction)
  • 7-10: good (Routine Newborn Care)
89
Q

Vital Signs

A
  • HR: 120-160 bpm
  • RR: 30-60 cpm
  • BP: 60-80/40-50
  • T: 36.6- 37.5
  • SO2: >95%
90
Q

Anterior Fontanelle

A
  • Bregma
  • Anterior
  • Diamond
  • Closed: 12-18 months
91
Q

Posterior Fontanelle

A
  • Lambda
  • Posterior
  • Triangle
  • Closed: 2-3 months
92
Q

Shock vs Increased ICP

A

Shock
- ⬇️ BP
- ⬆️ HR
- ⬆️ RR

Increased ICP
- ⬆️ BP
- ⬇️ HR
- ⬇️ RR

93
Q

Varus Deviation

A

Foot turn inward (paloob)

94
Q

Valgus Deviation

A

Foot turn outward (palabas)

95
Q

Equinos

A

Forefoot are lower than the heel

96
Q

Calcaneus

97
Q

G6PD Deficiency

A
  • Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
  • Problem: Hemolytic Anemia
  • Mgt: RBC transfusion & Splenectomy
98
Q

Galactosemia

A
  • lactose intolerance
  • Problem: diarrhea & vomiting
  • Mgt: No breastfeeding & Formula Milk (lactose free/soy milk)
99
Q

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

A
  • ⬆️ GSM
  • Cushing symptoms
100
Q

Congenital Hypothyroidism

A
  • Cause: hyperthyroidism (mother)
  • Mgt: within 10 days (Levothyroxine)
101
Q

Phenylketonuria

A
  • inability to metabolize protein
  • Mgt: Phenylalanine free milk & low protein diet
102
Q

Maple Syrup Urine Disease

A
  • inability to metabolize protein
  • Mgt: low protein diet, B complex (IM/IV) & Dialysis

MEMORYBYTES (39 decks)

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