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MEMORYBYTES > Maternal > Flashcards

Maternal Flashcards

1
Q

Normal Maternal Weight Gain

A

20 - 35 lbs

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2
Q

Menstrual Phase

A
  • sloughing off
  • 1-5 days
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3
Q

Proliferative Phase

A
  • ⬆️ estrogen
  • thickest endometrium
  • 6-14 days
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4
Q

Secretory Phase

A
  • ⬆️ progesterone
  • ⬆️ estrogen (13th day)
  • ⬆️ blood flow
  • Ovulation (14th day)
  • Luteal Phase
  • 14-25 days
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5
Q

Ischemic Phase

A
  • Period before menstruation
  • 27-28 days
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6
Q

Ovulation to Menstruation

A
  • Count 14
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7
Q

Menstruation to Ovulation

A
  • Count 16
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8
Q

Calendar Method

A
  • No sex 5 days before and 3 days after
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9
Q

Cervical Mucous/Billings Method

A
  • Clear & Stretchable
  • Spinnbarkeit sign (⬆️ estrogen)
  • No sex 4 days before and 3 days after
  • “I feel dry during menstruation”
  • “I feel wet during ovulation”
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10
Q

Basal Body Temperature

A
  • ⬇️ temperature before ovulation (⬆️ estrogen)
  • ⬆️ temperature during ovulation (⬆️ estrogen, ⬆️ progesterone)
  • No sex 3-4 days after
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11
Q

Sympthothermal

A
  • Cervical Mucous + BBT
  • No sex 3-4 days after
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12
Q

Coitus Interruptus

A
  • least effective
  • withdrawal
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13
Q

Ampulla

A
  • fallopian tube
  • ectopic pregnancy
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14
Q

Isthmus

A
  • BTL
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15
Q

Uterus

A
  • implantation
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16
Q

Genotype

A
  • race
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17
Q

Serotype

A
  • blood type
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18
Q

Phenotype

A
  • physical appearance
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19
Q

Karyotype

A
  • DNA structure
  • traits
  • hereditary
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20
Q

XX

A
  • Female
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21
Q

XY

A
  • male
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22
Q

H-mole

A
  • formation of thromboblastin
  • grape like cluster/snow like cluster
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23
Q

DOC for H-mole

A
  • Methotrexate
  • Antidote: Leucovorin
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24
Q

Naegels Rule

A
  • Jan - Mar = +9 +7 same year
  • Apr - Dec = -3 +7 +1 year
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25
Q

McDonald’s Rule

A
  • measure fundic height
  • fundic ht x 8 ÷ 7 = AOG (weeks)
  • fundic ht x 2 ÷ 7 = AOG (month)
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26
Q

Bartholomew Rules

A
  • locate fundic height
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27
Q

Quickening

A
  • 5 months
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28
Q

Haases Rule

A
  • measure fetal length
  • 1-5 months = times by itself
  • 6-10 months = times 5
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29
Q

Products of Fertilization

A

Conception
2 weeks
2 months
Term

ZYGOTE
EMBRYO
FETUS

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30
Q

Substance that crosses barrier

A

ANAC
- Antibiotics
- Narcotics
- Alcohol
- Coumadin

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31
Q

Disease that crosses placenta

A

TORCH
- Toxoplasmosis
- Other Infection (Hepa B, HIV, syphilis)
- Rubella (German Measles)
- Cytomegalovirus
- Herpes Simplex (aziclovir)

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32
Q

Sign of Placental Separation

A

GRL

  1. Gushing of blood
  2. Rising Fundus (Calkin Sign)
  3. Lengthening of Cord
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33
Q

Placenta Increta

A
  • invades myometrium
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34
Q

Placenta Accreta

A
  • attach yo myometrium
  • complication: abruptio placenta/bleeding
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35
Q

Placenta Bipartita

A
  • placenta with 2 lobes
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36
Q

Placenta Tripartita

A
  • placenta with 3 lobes
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37
Q

Placenta Succenturiata

A
  • placenta with extra lobes
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38
Q

Battledore

A
  • normal placenta placement but umbilical cord is attached in placental margin
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39
Q

Placenta Previa

A
  • low lying placenta
  • painless
  • bright red
40
Q

Abruptio Placenta

A
  • premature separation of placenta
  • dark red bleeding
  • painful
  • sharp stabbing pain
41
Q

Fern Test

A
  • test for ruptured BOW
  • use Nitrazine Paper
  • Yellow = urine (acidic)
  • Blue = amniotic fluid (alkaline)
42
Q

Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP)

A
  • ⬆️ AFP = Neural Tube Defects
  • ⬇️ AFP = Down Syndrome
43
Q

Prenatal Frequency

A
  • 1-7 months = monthly
  • 8-9 months = every 2 weeks
  • 10 months = every week
  • Post term = 2x a week
44
Q

Hypertension

A
  • 1st trimester (H-mole)
  • 2nd and 3rd trimester (PIH)
45
Q

1st sign of PIH

A
  • edema in hands and face
46
Q

Maternal Weight Gain (trimester)

A
  • 1st trimester = 1lbs per month
  • 2nd and 3rd trimester = 1lbs per week
47
Q

Varicose Vein

A
  • decrease back flow to heart
  • Mgt: leg elevation
48
Q

Risk for Thrombus Formation

A
  • due to venous statis in lower extremities
  • Mgt: ambulation every 2 hours
49
Q

Supine Hypotension

A
  • due to compression of vena cava
  • Mgt: left lying position
50
Q

Leg cramps

A
  • due to ⬇️ calcium
  • Mgt: Dorsiflexion
51
Q

Presumptive Sign of Pregnancy

A

1st trimester - BAUN

  • Breasts tenderness
  • Amenorrhea
  • Urinary Frequency
  • Nausea and Vomiting

2nd trimester - QC
- Quickening
- Chloasma (skin pigmentation)

52
Q

Probable Sign of Pregnancy

A

1st trimester - HCG

  • Hegar Sign (softening of uterus)
  • Chadwick Sign (bluish vagina)
  • Goodles Sign (softening of cervix)

2nd Trimester - BB

  • Braxton’s Hicks Contractions
  • Ballotement
53
Q

Positive Sign of Pregnancy

A

+ FHB
+ FHT
+ Fetal movement
+ Fetal outline

54
Q

Bleeding complications

A

1st Trimester
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Abortion

2nd Trimester
- H-mole
- Incompetent cervix

3rd Trimester
- Placenta Previa
- Abruptio Placenta

55
Q

Cullen Sign

A

Bluish umbilicus

56
Q

DOC for Ectopic Pregnancy

A
  • Methotrexate
  • Salpingectomy
57
Q

Fetal Demise

A
  • termination of pregnancy after liability (<20 weeks)
58
Q

Stillbirth

A
  • baby is alive the entire pregnancy but DIED during delivery
59
Q

Spontaneous Abortion

A
  • cause by chromosomal abnormality
60
Q

Induced Abortion

A
  • intentional abortion
61
Q

Threatened Abortion

A

+ spotting
+ abdominal cramping
- cervical dilation

62
Q

Inevitable (Imminent) Abortion

A

+ Spotting
+ Abdominal cramping
+ Cervical dilation

63
Q

Complete Abortion

A
  • all products are expelled
64
Q

Incomplete Abortion

A
  • some products are retained
65
Q

Missed Abortion

A
  • Fetal death in the uterus
66
Q

Habitual Abortion

A
  • 3 or more spontaneous abortion
  • cause by incompetent cervix
67
Q

Management for Habitual Abortion

A
  1. McDonald’s - temporary cerclage (NSVD)
  2. Shirodkar - permanent cerclage (CS)
68
Q

Leopold Manuever

A
  • determine fetal presentation
  • void first
  • supine with knees flexed
69
Q

Leopold Manuever 1

A
  • fetal presentation is cephalic or breech
  • head: more firm, round and had moves independently
  • breech: less well defined moves on in conjunction with the body
70
Q

Leopold Manuever 2

A
  • locate fetal back
  • Back:smooth, hard, resistant surface
  • Knees/Elbow: several angular nodulation
71
Q

Leopold Manuever 3

A
  • determine the part of the fetus at the inlet and its mobility
  • head is not engaged: move upward or sideward
  • head is engaged: head is firm settled into the pelvis
72
Q

Leopold Manuever 4

A
  • determine fetal attitude and degree of fetal extension into pelvis
  • done only if in cephalic presentation
73
Q

Amniocentesis

A
  • withdrawal of amniotic fluid
  • 2nd trimester
  • determine
    1. Maple syrup urine disease - unable to process amino acid
    2. Cytinosis - accumulation of cystine within cell
74
Q

Ultrasound

A
  • diagnose pregnancy
  • determine sex
  • predict maturity of lungs
  • confirm the presence, size, and location of the placenta and amniotic fluid
  • drink plenty of water
75
Q

Non-Stress Test

A
  • measure the response of fetal heart rate in relation to fetal movement
  • Reactive: 2 or more acceleration of FHR
  • Non-reactive: no acceleration
76
Q

Contractions Stress Test

A
  • measure response of fetal heart rate to uterine contractions
  1. Nipple Stimulation
  2. Oxytocin stimulation
77
Q

Fetal Station

A

(-) floating
0 engaged
(+) crowning

78
Q

Mechanism of Labor

A

ED FIRE ERE

  • Engagement
  • Descent
  • Flexion
  • Internal Rotation
  • Extension
  • External Rotation
  • Expulsion
79
Q

Precipitate Labor

A
  • uterine contractions are strong
  • labor that lasts less than 3 hours
80
Q

Complete position

A

Sitting

81
Q

Frank positions

A

Buttocks

82
Q

Footling

A

Thigh or lower legs

83
Q

Gestation Hypertension

A
  • ⬆️ bp
  • no edema
  • no proteinuria
  • bp returns to normal after delivery
84
Q

HELLP Syndrome

A
  • Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, Low Platelet
  • proteinuria
  • edema
  • ⬆️bp
  • Mgt: fresh frozen plasma
85
Q

Early Deceleration

A
  • fetal head compression
  • begins and ends simultaneously with uterine contractions
86
Q

Late Decelerations

A
  • utero placental insufficiency
  • delayed until 30-40 sec after the onset of contraction
87
Q

Variable Decelerations

A
  • fetal cord compression
  • unpredictable occurrence
88
Q

Puerperium

A
  • 6 weeks period after childbirth
  • Main Priority: achieve involution
89
Q

Involution

A
  • return of the reproductive organ to pre-pregnancy state
  • restoration of normal menstrual cycle
90
Q

Takin in Phase

A
  • woman review her pregnancy and labor and birth
  • dependent for care of self and newborn
  • rejecting rooming in
91
Q

Taking Hold Phase

A
  • begin to initiate action
  • independent of self care and newborn care
92
Q

Letting Go Phase

A
  • woman finally redefined her new role
  • she gives up the fantasized image of a child
  • accept reality
93
Q

Rubra

A
  • 1-3 days
  • bright red
94
Q

Serosa

A
  • Day 3-10
  • pinkish to brownish
95
Q

Alba

A
  • Day 10 until 6th week postpartum
  • white in color
96
Q

Return of Menstruation

A
  • Lactating: 6 months
  • Non-Lactating: 6-10 weeks
97
Q

Pregnant receiving insulin (trimester)

A

1st trimester - ⬇️ due to hypoglycemia (brain development of baby)

2nd & 3rd trimester - ⬆️ due to GDM

Postpartum - ⬇️ due to delivery of placenta

MEMORYBYTES (39 decks)

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