Medsurg 3 Flashcards
During the tertiary stage of ____ spirochetes invade the internal organs and cause permanent damage.
syphilis
In ____ weight gain is the most reliable indicator of a positive response to therapy.
total parenteral nutrition
The nurse may administer an ____ through a central or peripheral catheter, but shouldn’t use an in-line filter because the fat particles are too large to pass through the pores.
I.V. fat emulsion
If a patient who has a ___ is using a Cunningham clamp, instruct him to wash and dry his penis before applying the clamp. He should apply the clamp horizontally and remove it at least every 4 hours to empty his bladder to prevent infection.
prostatectomy
If a woman has signs of ___ , she should be instructed to drink six to eight glasses of water per day, urinate before and after intercourse, and perform Kegel exercises.
urinary tract infection during menopause
If a menopausal patient experiences a “hot flash,” she should be instructed ____
to seek a cool, breezy location and sip a cool drink.
___ causes fissures at the angles of the mouth and indicates a vitamin B2, riboflavin, or iron deficiency.
Cheilosis
___ may result from hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism.
Tetany
A patient who has ___ may experience vaginal bleeding for 1 to 3 months after intracavitary radiation.
cervical cancer
___ is the accumulation of fluid, containing large amounts of protein and electrolytes, in the abdominal cavity. It’s commonly caused by cirrhosis.
Ascites
Normal pulmonary artery pressure is ___ Normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure is 5 to 12 mm Hg.
10 to 25 mm Hg
____ the site is monitored for bleeding and hematoma formation, pulses distal to the site are palpated every 15 minutes for 1 hour, and the patient is maintained on bed rest with the extremity extended for 8 hours.
After cardiac catheterization
___ is a bleeding disorder that’s transmitted genetically in a sex-linked (X chromosome) recessive pattern. Although girls and women may carry the defective gene, hemophilia usually occurs only in boys and men.
Hemophilia
____ is an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder that’s caused by platelet dysfunction and factor VIII deficiency.
Von Willebrand’s disease
Sickle cell anemia is a congenital hemolytic anemia that’s caused by defective hemoglobin Molecules. It primarily
blacks
____ has a homozygous inheritance pattern. Sickle cell trait has a heterozygous inheritance pattern.
Sickle cell anemia
___ is a characteristic sign of Hodgkin’s disease. Fever recurs every few days or weeks and alternates with afebrile periods.
Pel-Ebstein fever
___ is an inherited metabolic disorder that’s characterized by red blood cells that are deficient in G6PD, a critical enzyme in aerobic glycolysis.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
Preferred ____ are the posterior superior iliac crest, anterior iliac crest, and sternum.
sites for bone marrow aspiration
During bone marrow harvesting, the donor receives general anesthesia and ___
400 to 800 ml of marrow is aspirated,
A ___ across the bridge of the nose is a characteristic sign of systemic lupus erythematosus.
butterfly rash
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, destructive collagen disease characterized by symmetric inflammation of the ____ that leads to joint swelling.
synovium
Screening for human immunodeficiency virus antibodies begins with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results are confirmed by the ____
Western blot test.
The ____ 4 to 8 hours after a myocardial infarction, peaks at 12 to 24 hours, and returns to normal in 3 days.
CK-MB isoenzyme level increases
____ may significantly antagonize the anticoagulant effects of warfarin (Coumadin). The patient should be cautioned to avoid eating an excessive amount of leafy green vegetables.
Excessive intake of vitamin K
A lymph node biopsy that shows Reed-Sternberg cells provides a definitive diagnosis of _____
Hodgkin’s disease.
____ is unilateral facial weakness or paralysis caused by a disturbance of the seventh cranial (facial) nerve.
Bell’s palsy
During an ___ lack of a wheal after injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative indicates that the test dose was injected too deeply. The nurse should inject another dose at least 2” (5 cm) from the initial site.
initial tuberculin skin test
A ____ should be read 48 to 72 hours after administration.
tuberculin skin test
In reading a tuberculin skin test. ___ is usually not significant.
erythema without induration
Death caused by ___ usually results from delayed diagnosis and respiratory complications
botulism
In a patient who has ___ , saliva contains the virus and is a hazard for nurses who provide care
rabies
A ___ is the most common transfusion reaction.
febrile nonhemolytic reaction
____ (abnormally low concentration of potassium in the blood) may cause muscle weakness or paralysis, electrocardiographic abnormalities, and GI disturbances,
Hypokalemia
___ , a serious vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency, affects alcoholics who have poor dietary habits. It’s epidemic in Asian countries where people subsist on unenriched rice. It’s characterized by the phrase “____” indicating that the patient is too ill to do anything.
Beriberi, I can’t
___ may cause respiratory depression,
Excessive sedation
The primary postoperative concern is maintenance of a ___
patent airway.
If cyanosis occurs ___ , sublingually, or in the nail bed, the oxygen saturation level (Sao 2) is less than 80%.
circumorally
A ___ in a postoperative patient may indicate pain, bleeding, dehydration, or shock.
rapid pulse rate
Increased pulse rate and blood pressure may indicate that a patient is experiencing ___ (pain that can’t be expressed verbally, such as when a patient is recovering from anesthesia)
“silent pain”
___ exerts antiarrhythmic action by suppressing automaticity in the Purkinje fibers and elevating the electrical stimulation threshold in the ventricles.
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
___ (a bluish discoloration around the umbilicus) is seen in patients who have a perforated pancreas.
Cullen’s sign
During the postoperative period, the patient should cough and breathe deeply every 2 hours unless otherwise ____ (for example, after craniotomy, cataract surgery, or throat surgery).
contraindicated
Before surgery, a patient’s respiratory volume may be measured by incentive ___ . This measurement becomes the patient’s postoperative goal for respiratory volume.
spirometry
The postoperative patient should use ___ 10 to 12 times per hour and breathe deeply.
incentive spirometry
___ a postoperative patient should dangle his legs over the side of the bed and perform deep-breathing exercises.
Before ambulating
