Medsurg 1 Flashcards
Elastic stockings should be worn on ___
both legs
The normal partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood is ___ (plus or minus 5 mm Hg).
95 mm Hg
A patient who has a pressure ulcer should consume a ____ unless contraindicated.
high-protein, high-calorie diet
The ___ is used to assess tissue damage in myocardial infarction.
CK-MB isoenzyme level
A patient who is experiencing ___ may report nausea, vomiting, diplopia, blurred vision, light flashes, and yellow-green halos around images.
digoxin toxicity
In ___ , the body temperature varies over a 24-hour period, but remains elevated.
remittent fever
Risk of a fat embolism is greatest in the first 48 hours after the fracture of a long bone. It’s manifested by ___
respiratory distress.
To help venous blood return in a patient who is in shock, the nurse should elevate the patient’s legs no more than 45 degrees. This procedure is ___
contraindicated in a patient with a head injury.
The ___ is the difference between the apical and radial pulse rates, when taken simultaneously by two nurses
pulse deficit
A positive Kernig’s sign, seen in ___ , occurs when an attempt to flex the hip of a recumbent patient causes painful spasms of the hamstring muscle and resistance to further extension of the leg at the knee
meningitis
___ is surgical removal of the herniated portion of an intervertebral disk
Laminectomy
___ is forced exhalation against a closed glottis, as when taking a deep breath, blowing air out or bearing down.
Valsalva’s maneuver
___ is the drug of choice for reducing premature ventricular contractions.
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
During a myocardial infarction, the ___ usually sustains the greatest damage
left ventricle
The pain of a myocardial infarction results from myocardial ischemia caused by ___.
anoxia
For a patient in cardiac arrest, the first priority is to ___
establish an airway.
The ___ is clutching the hand to the throat.
universal sign for choking
A positive tuberculin skin test is an induration of ___ at the injection site.
10 mm or more
The signs and symptoms of ____ , a chronic systemic fungal infection, resemble those of tuberculosis.
histoplasmosis
In burn victims, the leading cause of death is respiratory compromise. The second leading cause is ___
infection
A patient who has hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis) should consume a diet that’s moderately high in fat and high in carbohydrate and protein, and should eat the largest meal in the ___
morning
Esophageal balloon tamponade shouldn’t be inflated ___
greater than 20 mm Hg
___ by the pituitary gland can cause galactorrhea (excessive or abnormal lactation) and amenorrhea (absence of menstruation).
Overproduction of prolactin
___ (pain during ambulation or other movement that’s relieved with rest) is a classic symptom of arterial insufficiency in the leg.
Intermittent claudication
In bladder carcinoma, the most common finding is gross, ___
painless hematuria.
____ of heparin sodium is contraindicated in patients with renal or liver disease, GI bleeding, or recent surgery or trauma; in pregnant patients; and in women older than age 60
Parenteral administration
During cardiac arrest, if an IV route is unavailable, epinephrine can be administered ___.
endotracheally
A patient who is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin)____ preparation because of the increased risk of digoxin toxicity. Concomitant use may affect cardiac contractility and lead to arrhythmias.
shouldn’t receive a calcium
Intermittent positive-pressure breathing is inflation of the lung during inspiration with compressed air or oxygen. The goal of this inflation is to ___.
keep the lung open
___ results from excessive plantar flexion and is usually a complication of prolonged bed rest.
Footdrop
___ is medication that should be ready for immediate administration when the call to administer it’s received.
On-call medication
If gagging, nausea, or vomiting occurs when an airway is removed, the nurse should place the patient in a ____ with the upper arm supported on a pillow.
lateral position
___ is caused by hypofunction of the adrenal gland and is characterized by fatigue, anemia, weight loss, and bronze skin pigmentation. Without cortisol replacement therapy, it’s usually fatal.
Addison’s disease
Glaucoma is managed conservatively with ___ such as timolol (Timoptic), which decrease sympathetic impulses to the eye, and with miotic eyedrops such as pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine), which constrict the pupils.
beta-adrenergic blockers
___ effectively treat glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure. They do this by constricting the pupil, contracting the ciliary muscles, opening the anterior chamber angle, and increasing the outflow of aqueous humor.
Miotics
While a patient is receiving heparin, the nurse should monitor the ___
partial thromboplastin time.
Urinary frequency incontinence, or both can occur after ___ removal. Incontinence may be manifested as dribbling.
catheter
When teaching a patient about colostomy care, the nurse should instruct the patient to hang the irrigation reservoir ____ above the stoma, insert the catheter 2” to 4” (5 to 10 cm) into the stoma, irrigate the stoma with 17 to 34 oz (503 to 1,005 ml) of water at a temperature of 105° to 110° F (40° to 43° C) once a day, clean the area around the stoma with soap and water before applying a new bag, and use a protective skin covering, such as a Stomahesive wafer, karaya paste, or karaya ring around the stoma.
18” to 22” (45 to 55 cm)
The first sign of ___ is painless, superficial lymphadenopathy, typically found under one arm or on one side of the neck in the cervical chain
Hodgkin’s disease
A patient who has a gastric ulcer is most likely to report ___
pain during or after eating.
To prevent external rotation in a patient who has had hip nailing, the nurse places ___ from the knee to the ankle of the affected leg.
Trochanter rolls
The presenting sign of pleuritis is ____ that is usually unilateral and related to respiratory movement.
chest pain
