Medsurg 7

Question 1

A patient with ____ should advise his sexual partners of his human immunodeficiency virus status and observe sexual precautions, such as abstinence or condom use.

Answer 1

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Question 2

If a ____ becomes dislodged, the nurse should retrieve it with tongs, place it in a lead-shielded container, and notify the radiology department

Answer 2

radioactive implant

Question 3

A patient who is undergoing radiation therapy should pat his skin dry to avoid ____ that could easily become infected

Answer 3

abrasions

Question 4

During ____, a patient should have frequent blood tests, especially white blood cell and platelet counts.

Answer 4

radiation therapy

Question 5

The nurse should administer an _____ at least 1 hour after an enteric-coated drug because it can cause premature release of the enteric-coated drug in the stomach

Answer 5

aluminum hydroxide antacid

Question 6

____ is the body’s hydrogen ion concentration, a measure of the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate ions (1 part carbonic acid to 20 parts bicarbonate is normal).

Answer 6

Acid-base balance

Question 7

____ causes progressive atrophy and wasting of muscle groups that eventually affects the respiratory muscles.

Answer 7

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Question 8

___ is caused by abnormal loss of bicarbonate ions or excessive production or retention of acid ions.

Answer 8

Metabolic acidosis

Question 9

_____ is defective vision or blindness in one-half of the visual field of one or both eyes

Answer 9

Hemianopsia

Question 10

___ causes early-morning joint stiffness and facial erythema in a butterfly pattern.

Answer 10

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 11

After ____ the patient should remain in the semi-Fowler position, with the affected leg elevated.

Answer 11

total knee replacement

Question 12

In a patient who is receiving ____ , the nurse should watch for dumping syndrome and hypovolemic shock because the stomach is being bypassed.

Answer 12

transpyloric feedings

Question 13

If a ____ must be interrupted, the nurse should administer dextrose 5% in water at a similar rate. Abrupt cessation can cause hypoglycemia.

Answer 13

total parenteral nutrition infusion

Question 14

____ is treated with IV. diazepam (Valium) and phenytoin (Dilantin).

Answer 14

Status epilepticus

Question 15

_____ causes nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and twitching in patients who are undergoing dialysis. It’s caused by a rapid fluid shift.

Answer 15

Disequilibrium syndrome

Question 16

An indication that ____ is resolving is the return of reflex activity in the arms and legs below the level of injury.

Answer 16

spinal shock

Question 17

____ is the most common and fatal complication of severe acute pancreatitis.

Answer 17

Hypovolemia

Question 18

In a patient with ____ , oral care includes rinsing the mouth with a mixture of equal parts of hydrogen peroxide and water three times daily.

Answer 18

stomatitis

Question 19

In ____, the tympanic membrane is bright red and lacks its characteristic light reflex (cone of light).

Answer 19

otitis media

Question 20

In patients who have _____, fluid is aspirated from the pericardial sac for analysis or to relieve cardiac tamponade.

Answer 20

pericardiocentesis

Question 21

____ is an early sign of hemolytic transfusion reaction.

Answer 21

Urticaria

Question 22

During _____ , a return of brown dialysate suggests bowel perforation. The physician should be notified immediately.

Answer 22

peritoneal dialysis

Question 23

An early sign of _____ is polyuria, which is caused by osmotic diuresis.

Answer 23

ketoacidosis

Question 24

Patients who have ____ should visually inspect their extremities to ensure proper alignment and freedom from injury.

Answer 24

multiple sclerosis

Question 25

____ usually appears rust-red, with visible fatty material and white bone fragments.

Answer 25

Aspirated red bone marrow

Question 26

The ____ detects scarlet fever antigens and immunity or susceptibility to scarlet fever. A positive result indicates no immunity; a negative result indicates immunity.

Answer 26

Dick test

Question 27

The ____ detects diphtheria antigens and immunity or susceptibility to diphtheria. A positive result indicates no immunity; a negative result indicates immunity.

Answer 27

Schick test

Question 28

The recommended adult dosage of ____ (Carafate) for duodenal ulcer is 1 g(1 tablet) four times daily 1 hour before meals and at bedtime.

Answer 28

sucralfate

Question 29

A patient with _____ should be admitted to the hospital for 24-hour observation for delayed tracheal edema.

Answer 29

facial burns or smoke or heat inhalation

Question 30

In addition to patient teaching, preparation for a ____ includes withholding oral intake overnight, performing bowel preparation, and administering a cleansing enema.

Answer 30

colostomy

Question 31

The physiologic changes caused by burn injuries can be ____ : the hypovolemic stage, during which intravascular fluid shifts into the interstitial space, and the diuretic stage, during which capillary integrity and intravascular volume are restored, usually 48 to 72 hours after the injury.

Answer 31

divided into two stages

Question 32

The nurse should change total parenteral nutrition ____ and the peripheral IV. access site dressing every 72 hours.

Answer 32

tubing every 24 hours

Question 33

A patient whose carbon monoxide level is 20% to 30% should be treated with ____

Answer 33

100% humidified oxygen.

Question 34

When in the room of a patient who is in isolation for tuberculosis, staff and visitors should wear ____

Answer 34

ultrafilter masks.

Question 35

When providing skin care immediately after pin insertion, the nurse’s primary concern is ____

Answer 35

prevention of bone infection.

Question 36

After an amputation, ____ may indicate venous stasis; dry skin may indicate arterial obstruction.

Answer 36

moist skin

Question 37

In a patient who is receiving ____ , an internal shunt is working if the nurse feels a thrill on palpation or hears a bruit on auscultation,

Answer 37

dialysis

Question 38

In a patient with viral hepatitis, the parenchymal, or ____ of the liver become severely inflamed, enlarged, and necrotic.

Answer 38

Kupffer’s, cells

Question 39

Early signs of ____ include fatigue, night sweats, enlarged lymph nodes, anorexia, weight loss, pallor, and fever.

Answer 39

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Question 40

When caring for a patient who has a ____ health care workers should stay as far away from the radiation source as possible. They should remember the axiom, “If you double the distance, you quarter the dose.”

Answer 40

radioactive implant

Question 41

A patient who has ____ should be instructed to walk with a broad-based gait.

Answer 41

Parkinson’s disease

Question 42

The ____ are muscle rigidity, a tremor that begins in the fingers, and akinesia.

Answer 42

cardinal signs of Parkinson’s disease

Question 43

In a patient with ____ , levodopa (Dopar) is prescribed to compensate for the dopamine deficiency.

Answer 43

Parkinson’s disease

Question 44

A patient who has ____ is at increased risk for pressure ulcers.

Answer 44

multiple sclerosis

Question 45

____ is a classic sign of Parkinson’s disease.

Answer 45

Pill-rolling tremor

Question 46

For a patient with Parkinson’s disease, nursing interventions are ____.

Answer 46

palliative

Question 47

___ a serious complication of a long-bone fracture, causes fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, and anxiety.

Answer 47

Fat embolism

Question 48

____ (bleeding between menstrual periods) may be the first sign of cervical cancer.

Answer 48

Metrorrhagia

Question 49

____ is a hypertonic solution and an osmotic diuretic that’s used in the treatment of increased intracranial pressure,

Answer 49

Mannitol