Medsurg 7 Flashcards
A patient with ____ should advise his sexual partners of his human immunodeficiency virus status and observe sexual precautions, such as abstinence or condom use.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
If a ____ becomes dislodged, the nurse should retrieve it with tongs, place it in a lead-shielded container, and notify the radiology department
radioactive implant
A patient who is undergoing radiation therapy should pat his skin dry to avoid ____ that could easily become infected
abrasions
During ____, a patient should have frequent blood tests, especially white blood cell and platelet counts.
radiation therapy
The nurse should administer an _____ at least 1 hour after an enteric-coated drug because it can cause premature release of the enteric-coated drug in the stomach
aluminum hydroxide antacid
____ is the body’s hydrogen ion concentration, a measure of the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate ions (1 part carbonic acid to 20 parts bicarbonate is normal).
Acid-base balance
____ causes progressive atrophy and wasting of muscle groups that eventually affects the respiratory muscles.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
___ is caused by abnormal loss of bicarbonate ions or excessive production or retention of acid ions.
Metabolic acidosis
_____ is defective vision or blindness in one-half of the visual field of one or both eyes
Hemianopsia
___ causes early-morning joint stiffness and facial erythema in a butterfly pattern.
Systemic lupus erythematosus
After ____ the patient should remain in the semi-Fowler position, with the affected leg elevated.
total knee replacement
In a patient who is receiving ____ , the nurse should watch for dumping syndrome and hypovolemic shock because the stomach is being bypassed.
transpyloric feedings
If a ____ must be interrupted, the nurse should administer dextrose 5% in water at a similar rate. Abrupt cessation can cause hypoglycemia.
total parenteral nutrition infusion
____ is treated with IV. diazepam (Valium) and phenytoin (Dilantin).
Status epilepticus
_____ causes nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and twitching in patients who are undergoing dialysis. It’s caused by a rapid fluid shift.
Disequilibrium syndrome
An indication that ____ is resolving is the return of reflex activity in the arms and legs below the level of injury.
spinal shock
____ is the most common and fatal complication of severe acute pancreatitis.
Hypovolemia
In a patient with ____ , oral care includes rinsing the mouth with a mixture of equal parts of hydrogen peroxide and water three times daily.
stomatitis
In ____, the tympanic membrane is bright red and lacks its characteristic light reflex (cone of light).
otitis media
In patients who have _____, fluid is aspirated from the pericardial sac for analysis or to relieve cardiac tamponade.
pericardiocentesis
____ is an early sign of hemolytic transfusion reaction.
Urticaria
During _____ , a return of brown dialysate suggests bowel perforation. The physician should be notified immediately.
peritoneal dialysis
An early sign of _____ is polyuria, which is caused by osmotic diuresis.
ketoacidosis
Patients who have ____ should visually inspect their extremities to ensure proper alignment and freedom from injury.
multiple sclerosis
____ usually appears rust-red, with visible fatty material and white bone fragments.
Aspirated red bone marrow
The ____ detects scarlet fever antigens and immunity or susceptibility to scarlet fever. A positive result indicates no immunity; a negative result indicates immunity.
Dick test
The ____ detects diphtheria antigens and immunity or susceptibility to diphtheria. A positive result indicates no immunity; a negative result indicates immunity.
Schick test
The recommended adult dosage of ____ (Carafate) for duodenal ulcer is 1 g(1 tablet) four times daily 1 hour before meals and at bedtime.
sucralfate
A patient with _____ should be admitted to the hospital for 24-hour observation for delayed tracheal edema.
facial burns or smoke or heat inhalation
In addition to patient teaching, preparation for a ____ includes withholding oral intake overnight, performing bowel preparation, and administering a cleansing enema.
colostomy
The physiologic changes caused by burn injuries can be ____ : the hypovolemic stage, during which intravascular fluid shifts into the interstitial space, and the diuretic stage, during which capillary integrity and intravascular volume are restored, usually 48 to 72 hours after the injury.
divided into two stages
The nurse should change total parenteral nutrition ____ and the peripheral IV. access site dressing every 72 hours.
tubing every 24 hours
A patient whose carbon monoxide level is 20% to 30% should be treated with ____
100% humidified oxygen.
When in the room of a patient who is in isolation for tuberculosis, staff and visitors should wear ____
ultrafilter masks.
When providing skin care immediately after pin insertion, the nurse’s primary concern is ____
prevention of bone infection.
After an amputation, ____ may indicate venous stasis; dry skin may indicate arterial obstruction.
moist skin
In a patient who is receiving ____ , an internal shunt is working if the nurse feels a thrill on palpation or hears a bruit on auscultation,
dialysis
In a patient with viral hepatitis, the parenchymal, or ____ of the liver become severely inflamed, enlarged, and necrotic.
Kupffer’s, cells
Early signs of ____ include fatigue, night sweats, enlarged lymph nodes, anorexia, weight loss, pallor, and fever.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
When caring for a patient who has a ____ health care workers should stay as far away from the radiation source as possible. They should remember the axiom, “If you double the distance, you quarter the dose.”
radioactive implant
A patient who has ____ should be instructed to walk with a broad-based gait.
Parkinson’s disease
The ____ are muscle rigidity, a tremor that begins in the fingers, and akinesia.
cardinal signs of Parkinson’s disease
In a patient with ____ , levodopa (Dopar) is prescribed to compensate for the dopamine deficiency.
Parkinson’s disease
A patient who has ____ is at increased risk for pressure ulcers.
multiple sclerosis
____ is a classic sign of Parkinson’s disease.
Pill-rolling tremor
For a patient with Parkinson’s disease, nursing interventions are ____.
palliative
___ a serious complication of a long-bone fracture, causes fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, and anxiety.
Fat embolism
____ (bleeding between menstrual periods) may be the first sign of cervical cancer.
Metrorrhagia
____ is a hypertonic solution and an osmotic diuretic that’s used in the treatment of increased intracranial pressure,
Mannitol
