Medsurg 5

Question 1

A ____ transfer is appropriate only for a patient who has at least one leg that’s strong enough to bear weignt, such as a patient with hemiplegia or a single-leg amputation.

Answer 1

weight bearing

Question 2

____ (voiding of 30 to 60 ml of urine every 15 to 30 minutes) is a sign of bladder distention.

Answer 2

Overflow incontinence

Question 3

The ____ is reddened skin that blanches when pressure is applied.

Answer 3

first sign of a pressure ulcer

Question 4

____ include tachycardia, cardiomegaly, systolic and diastolic murmurs, chronic fatigue, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly.

Answer 4

Late signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia

Question 5

A ____ , which can maintain ventilation automatically for an extended period, is indicated when a patient can’t maintain a safe PaO2 or PaCo2 level.

Answer 5

mechanical ventilator

Question 6

_____ exist: negative-pressure ventilators, which apply negative pressure around the chest wall, and positive-pressure ventilators, which deliver air under pressure to the patient.

Answer 6

Two types of mechanical ventilators

Question 7

____ is characterized by substernal pain that lasts for 2 to 3 minutes. The pain, which is caused by myocardial ischemia, may radiate to the neck, shoulders, or jaw; is described as viselike, or constricting and may be accompanied by severe apprehension or a feeling of impending doom

Answer 7

Angina pectoris

Question 8

The ____ is based on the patient’s signs and symptoms, electrocardiogram tracings, troponin level, and cardiac enzyme studies

Answer 8

diagnosis of an acute myocardial infarction

Question 9

The ____ is to reduce the heart’s workload, thereby reducing the myocardial demand for oxygen and preventing myocardial infarction.

Answer 9

goal of treatment for a patient with angina pectoris

Question 10

____ decreases the amount of blood that returns to the heart by increasing the capacity of the venous bed.

Answer 10

Nitroglycerin

Question 11

The patient should take ____ in a 15-minute period.

Answer 11

no more than three nitroglycerin tablets

Question 12

Hemodialysis is usually performed 24 hours ____

Answer 12

before kidney transplantation

Question 13

____ are progressive enlargement and tenderness at the transplant site, increased blood pressure, decreased urine output, élevated serum creatinine level, and fever

Answer 13

Signs and symptoms of acute kidney transplant rejection

Question 14

____ , the patient’s arm should be elevated (with the hand above the elbow) on a pillow to enhance circulation and prevent edema.

Answer 14

After a radical mastectomy

Question 15

____ care includes teaching the patient arm exercises to facilitate lymph drainage and prevent shortening of the muscle and contracture of the shoulder joint (frozen shoulder)

Answer 15

Postoperative mastectomy

Question 16

____ , the patient should help prevent infection by making sure that no blood pressure readings, injections, or venipunctures are performed on the affected arm.

Answer 16

After radical mastectomy

Question 17

For a patient who ____ and is susceptible to lymphedema, a program of hand exercises can begin shortly after surgery, if prescribed. The program consists of opening and closing the hand tightly six to eight times per hour and performing such tasks as washing the face and combing the hair

Answer 17

has undergone mastectomy

Question 18

Signs and symptoms of ____ include vomiting, restlessness, and an apical pulse rate of more than 200 beats/minute.

Answer 18

theophylline toxicity

Question 19

The nurse ____ in a person who has ingested poison and is having seizures or is semiconscious or comatose.

Answer 19

shouldn’t induce vomiting

Question 20

___ , which is the pressure in the right atrium and the great veins of the thorax, is normally 2 to 8 mm Hg (or 5 to 12 cm H20). CVP is used to assess right sided cardiac function,

Answer 20

Central venous pressure (CVP)

Question 21

___ is monitored to assess the need for fluid replacement in seriously ill patients, to estimate blood volume deficits, and to evaluate circulatory pressure in the right atrium

Answer 21

CVP

Question 22

To ____ after surgery, the nurse should administer 5,000 units of heparin subcutaneously every 8 to 12 hours, as prescribed.

Answer 22

prevent deep vein thrombosis

Question 23

___ , such as warfarin (Coumadin) and dicumarol, disrupt natural blood clotting mechanisms, prevent thrombus formation, and limit the extension of a formed thrombus.

Answer 23

Oral anticoagulants

Question 24

___can’t dissolve a formed thrombus.

Answer 24

Anticoagulants

Question 25

___ is contraindicated in a patient who has liver or kidney disease or Gl ulcers or who isn’t likely to return for follow-up visits

Answer 25

Anticoagulant therapy

Question 26

The nurse can assess a patient for ____ by measuring the affected and unaffected legs and comparing their sizes. The nurse should mark the measurement locations with a pen so that the legs can be measured at the same place each day.

Answer 26

thrombophlebitis

Question 27

Drainage of more than 3,000 ml of fluid daily from a nasogastric tube may suggest ____ . Yellow drainage that has a foul odor may indicate small-bowel obstruction

Answer 27

intestinal obstruction

Question 28

Preparation for _____ includes administering an enema 1 hour before the examination, warming the scope in warm water or a sterilizer (if using a metal sigmoidoscope). and draping the patient to expose the perineum

Answer 28

sigmoidoscopy

Question 29

Treatment for a patient with _____ includes administering vasopressin (Pitressin), giving an ice water lavage, aspirating blood from the stomach, using esophageal balloon tamponade, providing parenteral nutrition, and administering blood transfusions, as needed,

Answer 29

bleeding esophageal varices

Question 30

A ___ shouldn’t be moved until a patent airway is established and the cervical spine is immobilized.

Answer 30

trauma victim

Question 31

____, lymphedema may cause a feeling of heaviness in the affected arm.

Answer 31

after a mastectomy,

Question 32

____ shouldn’t be told exactly how long he’s expected to live, but should be told something more general such as “Some people live 3 to 6 months, but others live longer.”

Answer 32

A dying patient

Question 33

___ a patient should avoid using makeup until otherwise instructed.

Answer 33

after eye surgery

Question 34

___ the patient should wear an eye shield when engaging in activities such as playing with children or pets.

Answer 34

After corneal transplant

Question 35

____ , the patient shouldn’t lie on the affected site, bend at the waist, or have sexual intercourse for 1 week. The patient must avoid getting soapsuds in the eye,

Answer 35

After a corneal transplant

Question 36

A _____ is used for patients who have structural scoliosis. The brace helps to halt the progression of spinal curvature by providing longitudinal traction and lateral pressure. It should be worn 23 hours a day.

Answer 36

Milwaukee brace

Question 37

Short-term measures used to treat ____ include stool softeners, irrigation, and stomal dilatation

Answer 37

stomal retraction

Question 38

A patient who has a _____ should be advised to eat a low-residue diet for 4 to 6 weeks and then to add one food at a time to evaluate its effect.

Answer 38

colostomy

Question 39

To relieve _____ , the patient should breathe into a paper bag,

Answer 39

postoperative hiccups

Question 40

If a patient with an ____ has a blocked lumen as a result of undigested high-fiber food, the patient should be placed in the knee-chest position and the area below the stoma should be massaged.

Answer 40

ileostomy

Question 41

During the initial interview and treatment of a patient with _____ , the patient’s sexual contacts should be identified.

Answer 41

syphilis

Question 42

The nurse shouldn’t administer ____ to a patient whose respiratory rate is less than 12 breaths/minute

Answer 42

morphine

Question 43

To _____, oxygen should be administered with hydration.

Answer 43

prevent drying of the mucous membranes