Medsurg 10 Flashcards
___ respirations are characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing. They occur in patients with central nervous system disorders.
Cheyne-Stokes
___ can result from an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or both.
Hyperventilation
____ is the absence of spontaneous respirations,
Apnea
____ , a patient may receive potassium iodide, antithyroid drugs, and propranolol (Inderal) to prevent thyroid storm during surgery.
Before a thyroidectomy
The normal life span of red blood cells (erythrocytes) is ____
110 to 120 days.
__ means that the patient sees at 20’ (6 m) what a person with normal vision sees at 100’ (30 m).
Visual acuity of 20/100
____ are more common in girls and women than in boys and men because the shorter urethra in the female urinary tract makes the bladder more accessible to bacteria, especially Escherichia coli.
Urinary tract infections
____ is administered orally 1 to 2 hours before meals or 2 to 3 hours after meals because food may interfere with the drug’s absorption
Penicillin
Mild reactions to ____ may include palpitations, tinnitus, vertigo, apprehension, confusion, and a metallic taste in the mouth.
local anesthetics
About 22% of cardiac output goes to the ____ ,
kidneys
To ensure accurate ____ readings, the nurse should place the manometer or transducer level with the phlebostatic axis.
central venous pressure
A patient who has lost 2,000 to 2,500 ml of blood will have a pulse rate of 140 beats/minute (or higher), display a systolic blood pressure of 50 to 60 mm Hg, and appear ____
confused and lethargic.
____ is bright red, flows rapidly, and (because it’s pumped directly from the heart) spurts with each heartbeat.
Arterial blood
____ is dark red and tends to ooze from a wound.
Venous blood
____ is taken with the patient in the supine, sitting, and standing positions, with 1 minute between each reading. A 10-mm Hg decrease in blood pressure or an increase in pulse rate of 10 beats/minute suggests volume depletion.
Orthostatic blood pressure
A ____ should be used cautiously in pregnant women and patients with head injuries.
pneumatic antishock garment
After a patient’s circulating volume is restored, the nurse ____ , starting with the abdominal chamber and followed by each leg The garment should be removed under a physician’s supervision.
should remove the pneumatic antishock garment gradually
Most _____ associated with mismatching of ABO blood types stem from identification number errors.
hemolytic transfusion reactions
Warming of blood to more than 107° F (41.7° C) can cause ____ ,
hemolysis