Pectoral region + muscle insertions

Question 1

What are the three origins of the pectoralis major and draw them

Answer 1

clavicular head (medial healf of clavicle and anterior surface of sternum), abdominal head (aponeuroses of external oblique) and sternocostal head (first seven costal cartilages)

Question 2

what structure separates the deltoid from the pectoralis major

Answer 2

cephalic vein

Question 3

what are the names of the two other muscles below the pectoralis major

Answer 3

pectoralis minor and serratus anterior

Question 4

what are the functions of the anterior abdominal walls

Answer 4

protect viscera, assist in breathing, coughing, vomiting, defacation, urination and birth

Question 5

why are surgical incisions usually made along the linea alba

Answer 5

because this is where aponeuroses join so there will be less bleedinggg as they have less blood supply and fewer nerves. however, it will scar and there is the potential of hernias

Question 6

state the origin of the external oblique muscle

Answer 6

ribs 5-12

Question 7

state the innervation of the external oblique muscle

Answer 7

anterior rami of T7-T12

Question 7

state the insertion of the external oblique muscle

Answer 7

linea alba and the lateral lip of the ileac crest

Question 8

state the origin of the internal obliques

Answer 8

iliac crest, lateral 2/3 of the inguinal ligament and thoracolumbar fascia

Question 9

state the origin of the rectus abdominis

Answer 9

pubic symphysis, crest and tubercle

Question 10

state the origin of the transversus abdominis

Answer 10

lip of iliac crest, lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia and costal cartilage of ribs 7-12

Question 11

state the difference in structure of the anterior abdominal walls superior and inferior to the arcuate line

Answer 11

superior = external oblique, internal oblique runs both anterior and posterior to the rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, transversalis facia
inferior = external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis rectus abdominis, transversalis fascia

Question 12

what is contained in the rectus sheath

Answer 12

rectus abdominis, superior and inferior epigastric vessels, thoracoabdominal nerves

Question 13

state the function of the external oblique muscle

Answer 13

flex trunk, bend trunk to the side, compress abdominal contents

Question 14

state the insertion of the internal obliques

Answer 14

inferior border of ribs 9-12, aponeuroses ending in the linea alba, pubic crest

Question 15

state the innervation of the internal obliques

Answer 15

anterior rami of T7-T12 and L1

Question 16

state the function of the internal obliques

Answer 16

compress abdominal contents, flex trunk and bends trunk

Question 17

state the insertion of the rectus abdominis

Answer 17

xiphoid process and costal cartilage of ribs 5-7

Question 18

state the innervation of the rectus abdominis

Answer 18

anterior rami of T7-T12

Question 19

state the function of rectus abdominis

Answer 19

compress abdominal contents, flex vertebral column

Question 19

state the insertion of transversus abdominis

Answer 19

linea alba and pubic crest

Question 20

state the innervation of transversus abdominis

Answer 20

anterior rami of T7-T12 and L1

Question 21

state the function of transversus abdominis

Answer 21

compress abdominal contents

Question 22

state the origin of pyramidalis

Answer 22

front of pubis and pubic symphysis

Question 23

state the insertion of pyramidalis

Answer 23

linea alba

Question 24

state the innervation of pyramidalis

Answer 24

anterior ramus of T12

Question 25

state the function of pyramidalis

Answer 25

tenses the linea alba

Question 26

state the insertion of pectoralis major

Answer 26

lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerous

Question 27

state the innervation of pectoralis major

Answer 27

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 28

state the function of pectoralis major

Answer 28

adduction, medial rotation, flexion of the humerous at the shoulder joint

Question 29

state the origin of pectoralis minor

Answer 29

anterior surface of ribs 3,4 and 5 and the deep fascia overlying the intercostal spaces

Question 30

state the insertion of pectoralis minor

Answer 30

coracoid process of scapula

Question 31

state the innervation of pectoralis minor

Answer 31

medial pectoral nerves

Question 32

state the function of pectoralis minor

Answer 32

depresses tip of shoulder and protects scapula

Question 33

state the origin of serratus anterior

Answer 33

anterior surface of ribs 1-8/9

Question 34

state the insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 34

anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

Question 35

state the innervation of serratus anterior

Answer 35

C5,6,7 - branch of the brachial plexus

Question 36

state the function of the serratus anterior

Answer 36

protracts and stabilises scapula. rotates scapula upwards