Pectoral Region, Deltoid And Axilla

Question 1

What are the types of joints?

Answer 1

Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial fluid

Question 2

What are the supporting joint structures?

Answer 2

Ligaments, bursae

Question 3

What are bursae?

Answer 3

Small fluid filled sacs that reduce friction between moving parts in your body joints

Question 4

What are the six different types of synovial joint?

Answer 4

Pivot, ball and socket, hinge, saddle, plane , condyloid

Question 5

Name the tributary of the axillary vein?

Answer 5

Brachial vein

Question 6

Name the tributaries of the brachial veins?

Answer 6

Radial and ulnar veins

Question 7

What are the superficial veins?

Answer 7

Cephalic, basilic and median cubital vein

Question 8

What is the origin and attachment of the pec major and function ?

Answer 8

Clavicular, sternocostal and abdominal head
Attachment: Anterior edge of bicipital groove
Function: arm adduction, medial rotation and flexion

Question 9

What is origins and insertion of pec minor and its function

Answer 9

Origin: margin of 3rd to 5th ribs adjacent to the costochondral junction
Insertion: coracoid process of scapula
Actions:
Stabilisation of scapula against thoracic wall
Accessary muscle of respiration

Question 10

What is the origin and insertion of serratus anterior?

Answer 10

Originates on 1st to 8-9th ribs adjacent and insert at anterior surface of medial border of scapula.
Actions: protraction of scapula against thoracic stabilisation of scapula against thoracic wall

Question 11

What is blood supply of the deltoid? What innervates by?

Answer 11

Acromial and deltoid branches of thoracic- acromial artery
Anterior and posterior circumflex humoural artery
Innervates by axillary nerve

Question 12

What is the role of the anterior structure of deltoid?

Answer 12

Flex the arm

Question 13

What is the role of the posterior fibres of the deltoid?

Answer 13

Extension

Question 14

What is the role of the meddle fibres of the deltoid?

Answer 14

Abduction

Question 15

What groove does the cephalic vein lie in?

Answer 15

Deltopectoral groove

Question 16

What is the origin and insertion of the deltoid?

Answer 16

Inferior edge of the crest of the spine o the scapula, lateral margin of the Acromioclavicular, anterior border of lateral one third of clavicle
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 17

What are the branches from the subclavian artery?

Answer 17

Axillary artery, circumflex numeral arteries, brachial artery, radial and ulnar artery

Question 18

What is the origin, insertion and innervation of Latissimus dorsi?

Answer 18

Origin: spinous process of lower six thoracic vertebrae and related interspinous ligaments via the thoracolumbar fascia to the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae, related interspinous ligaments, and illiac crest, lower 3-4 ribs
Insertion: floor of intertubercular sulcu
Innervates by thoracicodorsal nerve

Question 19

What the joints of the shoulder?

Answer 19

Acromioclavicular joint, sternoclavicular, glenohumeral joint

Question 20

Where is the sternoclavicular joint found and what are the ligaments associated with it?
What movement does it allow?

Answer 20

Between the proximal end of the clavicle and clavicular notch of the manubrium together with a small part of the first costal cartilage.
Allows movement of the clavicle predominately in the anterior posterior and veticular plane
Surround by a joint capsule

Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments
Interclavicular ligaments
Costa clavicular ligaments

Question 21

What is the Acromioclavicular joint? What movement does it allow and what ligaments are associated?

Answer 21

Small synovial joint between the acromion and clavicle

Allows movement in the anteroposterior and verticular planes together with some axial rotation. Surrounded by joint capsule

Acromioclavicular ligament
Coraclavicular ligament
Anterior trapezoid ligament and a posterior conoid ligament

Question 22

What is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 22

Is a synovial ball and socket articulation between the head of the humerus and glenoid cavity of the scapula- multiaxial with a wide range of movement

Question 23

What provides joint stability?

Answer 23

Rotator cuf muscle, long head of the biceps brachii muscles, related bony processes and extracapsular ligaments.