Inguinal Canal Flashcards
Where does the inguinal ligament extend from and to?
Extends from the anterior superior illiac spine to the pubic tubercle
What is the inguinal canal?
A passage in the anterior abdominal wall that in men conveys the spermatic cord and in women the round ligament of uterus- extends between the superficial and deep inguinal ring.
Where does the spermatic cord enter the inguinal canal?
Through the deep inguinal ring.
Where does the spermatic cord exit the inguinal canal?
The superficial inguinal ring.
What makes up the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?
Aponeurosis of external oblique
What makes up the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?
Transversalis fasica
What makes up the roof of the inguinal canal?
Musculo-aponeurtic arches of external oblique, musculo-aponeurotic arches of internal oblique, transverse abdominal and transversalis fascia.
What makes up the floor of the inguinal canal?
Inguinal ligament
Where do the testes develop? And where do they lie after 9 months?
They develop in the posterior abdominal wall and within 9 months the lie in the scrotum
What is the function of the gubernaculum?
A cord like structures that directs the testes from the posterior abdominal wall to the scrtoum
What is the processus vagnialis? What forms from this?
Extension of the peritoneum- so forms the parietal and visceral layer that covers the testes called the the tunica vaginalis
What layers from the abdominal wall is involved in the descent of the testes?
Peritoneum, transversalis fascia, internal oblique, external oblique aponeurosis, scarpas fascia and the skin
Once the testes have descented, what do the layers of the spermatic cord names change to?
1. External oblique aponeurosis
2. Internal oblique muscle
3. Transversalis fascia
4- peritoneum
(Hope that makes sense)
- External spermatic fascia
- Cremaster muscle
- Internal spermatic fascia
- Tunica vaginalis (parietal and visceral)
The spermatic cord is surrounded by fascial covering from each other the anterior abdominal muscles. What are these fascial coverings?
- External spermatic fascia ( external oblique fascia)
- Cremasteric muscle and fascia (fascia around internal oblique)
- Internal spermatic fascial (transversalis fascia)
What are the contents of the spermatic cord?
Ductus vas deferents
Testicular artery
Artery of ductus deferens
Pampiniform venous plexus
Cremasteric artery
Sympathetic nerve fibres
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
Lymphatics
What is the role of the epididymis?
Storage and maturation of spem
What is a direct inguinal hernia?
Occur through back wall of inguinal canal
Result of weakened inguinal canal wall that happens as a person ages-
Often caused by straining or lifting something heavy
More common in men
What is a direct inguinal hernia?
Occur through back wall of inguinal canal
Result of weakened inguinal canal wall that happens as a person ages-
Often caused by straining or lifting something heavy
More common in men
What is an indiret inguinal hernia?
Present at birth. Common in males- when one or both of inguinal canals do not close during fetal development- this failure to fully close can result in organs in the abdomen being pushed. Outward. Certain gene may increase the risk of developing inguinal hernias
What is the function of the cremaster muscle
raises and lowers the testes to optimal scrotal temperature. spermatogensis requires temperature around 1 degree below core body temperature
Name the layers of the spermatic cord and where they derive from
external spermatic fascia -> from external oblique
cremaster muscle -> from internal oblique
internal spermatic fascia -> from transversalis fascia
What is the superficial inguinal ring and what is it formed by
lies superolateral to the pubic tubercle and is formed by an invagination of the external oblique
What is the surface landmark for the deep inguinal ring
mid-inguinal point between the ASIS and pubic tubercle
Give a brief account of migration of the developing testes from the abdomen to the scrotum before birth
testes descend through inguinal canal. fibrous gubernaculum connects the testes to the site of the future deep ring and contracts to pull the testes down. processes vaginalis is an extension of the peritoneum and pulls testes down into scrotum
describe the origins of the inferior epigastric artery
branch from the external iliac artery above the inguinal ligament, anastoses with the superior at the rectus sheath
