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Anatomy > Greater and lesser omentum > Flashcards

Greater and lesser omentum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the location of the abdominal cavity

A

between the diaphragm and pelvic inlet

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2
Q

What does the abdominal cavity contain

A

digestive tract (stomach, small intestine, large intestine) liver, pancreas, spleen and gall bladder

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3
Q

What are the layers of the peritoneum and what is between them

A

parietal and visceral layers. peritoneal fluid is between them

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4
Q

What is not contained in the peritoneal cavity

A

there are no organs present

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5
Q

What is an intraperitoneal organ and an example

A

the organ is almost entirely covered with visceral peritoneum. such as the liver and stomach

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6
Q

What are the two types of extraperitoneal organs

A

retroperitoneal and subperitoneal

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7
Q

What is a retroperitoneal organ and. examples

A

posterior to the parietal peritoneum, such as the kidney

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8
Q

What is a subperitoneal organ and examples

A

below/inferior to the parietal such as the bladder

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9
Q

What is a secondary retroperitoneal organ

A

is retroperitoneal but used to have a mesentary, such as the duodenum

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10
Q

What structure holds the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall

A

the transverse mesocyclone

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11
Q

What structure suspends the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

A

the mesentary

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12
Q

What two arteries and veins are in the greater sac

A

the right and left gastro-omental vessels

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13
Q

What is the epiploic foramen

A

opening for communications between the greater and lesser sac

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14
Q

What is an omentum?

A

Stomach and proximal part of duodenum to adjacent organs- relates to the stomach

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15
Q

What are the two components of the lesser sac and what does the lesser sac divide into

A

the superior and inferior recess
divides into the medial hepatogastric ligament (between stomach and liver) and lateral hepatoduodenal ligament (between duodenum and liver)

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16
Q

What is a mesentry?

A

Connect intraperitoneal organs to the body wall (Mesentry of small intestine, mesocolon- relates to colon)

17
Q

What happens to the liver and spleen during development to form the lesser sac

A

liver swings to the right and spleen swings to the left. pushes the lesser sac to be hidden behind the stomach

18
Q

What is a peritoneal ligament?

A

Connects an organ with another organ or the abdominal wall I.e falciform ligament and gastrosplenic ligament

19
Q

What is a gastrocolic ligament?

A

Between the stomach and transverse colon

20
Q

What is the portal triad and what is it made up of?

A

Vessels of liver
Anterior- right- bile duct
Anterior- left- hepatic artery from coeliac
Posterior- portal vein

21
Q

What is a peritoneal ligament and give two examples

A

connects organ to organ or organ to the abdominal wall
such as the falciform ligament or gastrosplenic ligament

22
Q

What is the Pringle manoeuvre?

A

Clamps the heptaduodenal ligament- this interrupts the flow of blood through the hepatic artery and portal veins- which helps to control bleeding from the liver- bile duct also stopped

23
Q

What are the boundaries of the Epiploic foramen?

A

Anteriorly- Heptaduodenal ligament
Posterior- Inferior vena cava
Superior- liver
Inferior- 1st part of duodenum

24
Q

What is spleenomegaly?

A

Enlarged spleen

25
Q

What does the mesentry of small intestine do?

A

Connects small intestine to the Posterior abdominal wall

26
Q

What is the transverse mesocolon?

A

Attaches the transverse colon to PAW

27
Q

What does the sigmoid mesocolon do?

A

Attaches sigmoid colon to PAW

28
Q

What does the foregut give rise to?

A

Oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, biliary ducts and upper parts (1st and 2nd part) of the duodenum

29
Q

What does the midgut give rise to?

A

The rest of the small intestine, caecum, appendix, ascending colon and proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

30
Q

What does the hindgut give rise to?

A

Distal 1.3 of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum.

31
Q

What are the three main branches of coeliac trunk

A

Left gastric artery, splenic artery
Common hepatic artery

32
Q

What does the left gastric split into?

A

Oesphegeal artery

33
Q

What does the splenic branch into?

A

The short gastric and left gastrosplenic Epiploic

34
Q

What are the branches of the common hepatic artery?

A

Hepatic proper> Cystic, Righgt hepatic and left hepatic

Gastro-duodenal artery> Supra-duodenal artery and superior- pancreatic duodenal artery, right gastric Epiploic

35
Q

Where does the coeliac trunk arise from?

A

T12 from abdominal aorta

36
Q

What is the falciform ligament

A

attached to anterior wall. divides the smaller left lobe and the larger right lobe

37
Q

What is the ligamentum teres a remnant of

A

remnant of the umbilical vein

Anatomy (10 decks)

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