Greater and lesser omentum Flashcards
What is the location of the abdominal cavity
between the diaphragm and pelvic inlet
What does the abdominal cavity contain
digestive tract (stomach, small intestine, large intestine) liver, pancreas, spleen and gall bladder
What are the layers of the peritoneum and what is between them
parietal and visceral layers. peritoneal fluid is between them
What is not contained in the peritoneal cavity
there are no organs present
What is an intraperitoneal organ and an example
the organ is almost entirely covered with visceral peritoneum. such as the liver and stomach
What are the two types of extraperitoneal organs
retroperitoneal and subperitoneal
What is a retroperitoneal organ and. examples
posterior to the parietal peritoneum, such as the kidney
What is a subperitoneal organ and examples
below/inferior to the parietal such as the bladder
What is a secondary retroperitoneal organ
is retroperitoneal but used to have a mesentary, such as the duodenum
What structure holds the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall
the transverse mesocolon
What structure suspends the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
the mesentary
What two arteries and veins are in the greater sac
the right and left gastro-omental vessels
What is the epiploic foramen
opening for communications between the greater and lesser sac
What is an omentum?
Stomach and proximal part of duodenum to adjacent organs- relates to the stomach
What are the two components of the lesser sac and what does the lesser sac divide into
the superior and inferior recess
divides into the medial hepatogastric ligament (between stomach and liver) and lateral hepatoduodenal ligament (between duodenum and liver)
What is a mesentry?
Connect intraperitoneal organs to the body wall (Mesentry of small intestine, mesocolon- relates to colon)
What happens to the liver and spleen during development to form the lesser sac
liver swings to the right and spleen swings to the left. pushes the lesser sac to be hidden behind the stomach
What is a peritoneal ligament?
Connects an organ with another organ or the abdominal wall I.e falciform ligament and gastrosplenic ligament
Where is the gastrocolic ligament?
Between the stomach and transverse colon
What is the portal triad and what is it made up of?
Vessels of liver
Anterior- right- bile duct
Anterior- left- hepatic artery from coeliac
Posterior- portal vein
What is a peritoneal ligament and give two examples
connects organ to organ or organ to the abdominal wall
such as the falciform ligament or gastrosplenic ligament
What is the Pringle manoeuvre?
Clamps the heptaduodenal ligament- this interrupts the flow of blood through the hepatic artery and portal veins- which helps to control bleeding from the liver- bile duct also stopped
What are the boundaries of the Epiploic foramen?
Anteriorly- Heptaduodenal ligament
Posterior- Inferior vena cava
Superior- liver
Inferior- 1st part of duodenum
What is spleenomegaly?
Enlarged spleen
What does the mesentry of small intestine do?
Connects small intestine to the Posterior abdominal wall
What is the transverse mesocolon?
Attaches the transverse colon to PAW
What does the sigmoid mesocolon do?
Attaches sigmoid colon to PAW
What does the foregut give rise to?
Oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, biliary ducts and upper parts (1st and 2nd part) of the duodenum
What does the midgut give rise to?
The rest of the small intestine, caecum, appendix, ascending colon and proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
What does the hindgut give rise to?
Distal 1.3 of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum.
What are the three main branches of coeliac trunk
Left gastric artery, splenic artery
Common hepatic artery
What does the left gastric split into?
Oesphegeal artery
What does the splenic branch into?
The short gastric and left gastrosplenic Epiploic
What are the branches of the common hepatic artery?
Hepatic proper> Cystic, Righgt hepatic and left hepatic
Gastro-duodenal artery> Supra-duodenal artery and superior- pancreatic duodenal artery, right gastric Epiploic
Where does the coeliac trunk arise from?
T12 from abdominal aorta
What is the falciform ligament
attached to anterior wall. divides the smaller left lobe and the larger right lobe
What is the ligamentum teres a remnant of
remnant of the umbilical vein
