Gluteal region Flashcards
Which 3 structures compose the hip
ilium, ischium and pubis
Which bone is in the thigh?
femur
which bones make up the leg
tibia and fibular
Draw the femur and label the following - head, neck, greater/lesser trochanter, linea aspera, medial/lateral epicondyle, pectineal line
check powerpoint
What is the role of muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper and lower limbs
upper limb = flexors
lower limb = extensors
What is the role of muscles in the upper and lower limb in the posterior compartment
upper limb = extensors
lower limb = flexors
What is a dermatome
a cutaneous area supplied by a single spinal nerve
What is cutaneous innervation
an area of skin innervated by a specific cutaneous nerve
State the artery, vein and nerve of each compartment of the thigh
anterior = femoral artery, vein and nerve
medial = femoral artery and vein, obturator nerve
posterior = profunda femoris artery and vein, sciatic nerve
What three compartments make up the thigh
anterior medial and posterior
What three compartments make up the leg
anterior, lateral and posterior
State the artery vein and nerve in each compartment of the leg
anterior = anterior tibial artery and vein, deep fibular nerve
lateral = anterior tibial artery and vein, superficial fibular nerve
posterior = posterior tibial artery and vein, tibial nerve
State the arteries and nerves of the foot
artery = deep and superficial plantar arches
nerve = medial and lateral plantar and deep fibular
State the function of each compartment of the thigh
anterior = extend leg
medial = adducts thigh
posterior = flex leg
State the function of each compartment of the leg
anterior = dorsiflexion of foot, digit extension, inversion of food
lateral = eversion of foot
posterior = plantar flex ion of foot, flex ion of digits
Which muscles at the hip are superficial and abduct/extend
gluteus maximums, medius and minimus, tensor fascia lata
Which muscles at the hip are deep lateral rotators
quadratus femoris, piriformis, gemellus superior and inferior, obturator internus
State the main arteries of the lower limb as you go more distally
common iliac, external iliac, femoral, popliteal, splits to posterior and anterior tibial and then to lateral and medial plantar. superficial and deep plantar arches
State the main veins of the lower limb as you go more distally
femoral, popliteal, splits to anterior and posterior tibial, great saphenous and small saphenous
State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of gluteus medius
o = external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
i = elongate facet on lateral surface of greater trochanter
superior gluteal nerve
abducts femur, medially rotates thigh and keeps pelvis secure
State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of piriformis
o = anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina
i = medial side of superior border of greater trochanter
S1+S2 branches
laterally rotates femur and abducts flexed femur at the hip are
State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of obturator internus
o = anterolateral wall of the pelvis and deep surface of obturator membrane
i = medial side of greater trochanter
nerve to obturator internus (L5 + S1)
laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur
State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of quadratus femoris
o = lateral aspect of ischium just anterior to ischial tuberosity
i = quadrate tubercle on intertrochantic crest of proximal femur
L5 + S1, nerve to QF
laterally rotates femur at h hip joint
What nerve extends from the inferior border of piriformis
sciatic nerve
State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of gluteus maximus
o = posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament
i = iliotibial tract and gliuteal tuberosity of femur
inferior gluteal nerve
extends femur at hip, laterally rotates and abducts thigh
State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of superior gemeilli
o = external surface of ischial spine
i = length of superior obturator internus and into medial greater trochanter with obturator internus tendon
L5 + S1, nerve to OI
laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur
State the origin, insertion, innervation and action of inferior gemelli
o = upper aspect of ischial tuberosity
i = length of inferior surface of OI tendon into medial greater trochanter with OI tendon
nerve to QF - L5 + S1
laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur
What is the function of the lower limb?
Support the weight of the body
Specialised for
- Locomotion
Balance
Maintance of posture
Supporting body weight
What are the cutaneous nerve of the leg?
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh L2-3
Posteior cutaneous nerve of thigh S1-S3
Lateral Sural cutaneous nerve
Where does the dermatome L1 cover?
Over the inguinal ligament
Where does the dermatome L2 COVER?
Lateral side of thigh
Where does L3 cover?
Lower medial side of thigh
Where does L4 cover
Medial side of great toe
What does L5 cover
Medial side of digit II
What does S1 cover
Little toe
What does S2 cover
Back of thigh
What does S3 cover
Skin over gluteal fold
What control flexion of hip
L1 and 2
What is extension of the knee controlled by
L3 AND 4
What does knee flexion controlled by
L5 TO S2
What is plantar flexion controlled by
S1 2
What is abduction of digits controlled by
S2 and S3
Where does the sciatic nerve enter
Through the greater sciatic foramen inerior to the piriformis muscle It
Through the greater sciatic foramen inerior to the piriformis
