Anterior Leg And Dorsum Of Foot

Question 1

Describe the great saphenous vein

Answer 1

Anterior leg
Great saphenous vein
* most superficial vein in lower leg
* Origin- dorsal venous arch of foot
* Drainage femoral veins
* Passes anterior to medial malleolous

Question 2

Give origin insertion, innervation and function of tibialis anterior

Answer 2

Tibialis anterior
Origin: lateral surface of tibia and adjacent interosseous membrane
Insertion: medial and Inferiorly surfaces of medial cuneiform and adjacent surfaces on base of metatarsal I
Innervation- deep fibular nerve L4,5
Function- dorsiflexion of foot t ankle joint, inversion of foot, dynamic support of medial arch of foot

Question 3

Give origin, insertion, innervation and function of extensor hallucis longus

Answer 3

Extensor hallucis longus
Origin- middle one half of medial surface of fibular and adjacent surface of interosseous membrane Insertion
Insertion- dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe
Innervation- deep fibular nerve L5,S1
Function- extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot

Question 4

Give origin, insertion innervation and function of extensor digitorum longus

Answer 4

Extensor digitorum longus
Origin- proximal one half of medial surface of fibular and related surfaces on base of lateral tibial condyle
Insertion- via dorsal digital expansions into bases of distal and middle phalanges of lateral four toes
Deep fibular nerve L5,S1
Function- extension of lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of foot

Question 5

Give origin, insertion innervation and function of fibularis tertius

Answer 5

Fibularis tertius
Origin- distal part of medial surface of fibular and adjacent
Insertion- dorsomedial surface of base of metatarsal V
Deep fibular nerve L5,S1
Function- dorsiflexion and Eversion of foot

Question 6

What is shin splints?

Answer 6

Shin splints
* A soft tissue injury involving the muscular origin of the tibialis anterior muscle on both bone and periosteum

Question 7

Where does the deep fibular nerve pass?

Answer 7

Anteromedially through the inter muscular septum into the anterior compartment of the leg

Question 8

Describe the anterior tibial artery

Answer 8

Anterior tibial artery- originates from the popliteal artery in the posterior compartment of the leg and pass forward into the anterior compartment of the leg through an aperture in the interosseous membrane.
The anterior tibial artery descends through the anterior compartment on the interosseous membrane. In the distal leg leg it lies between the tendons of tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus. Leaves leg by passing anterior to the distal end of tie tibia and ankle joint and continues onto the dorsal aspect of foot as the dorsal is pedis artery

Question 9

What are the two types of extensor retinaculum

Answer 9

Superior extensor retinaculum, inferior retinaculum

Question 10

Origin, insertion, innervation and function of extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 10

Extensor digitorum brevis
Origin: superolateral surface of ca;canes
Insertion: lateral sides of the tendons of extensor digitorum longus of toes II to iV
Innervation- deep fibular nerve S1,2
Function - extension of toes II to IV

Question 11

Origin insetion innervation and function of extensor hallucis brevis

Answer 11

Extensor hallucis brevis
Origin- superolateral surface of calcaneus
Insertion- base of proximal phalanx of great toe
Deep fibular nerve S1,2 Function- extension of metarsophalangeal joint of great toe

Question 12

What does Tom, Dick and Naughty Harry

Answer 12

Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibial artery
Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus

Question 14

Draw the bones of the ankle and foot and label the malleolus’, talus, calcaneus, cuboid, navicular, cuneiforms, metatarsals and phalanges

Answer 14

see notes

Question 15

Where does the superior extensor retinaculum attach

Answer 15

laterally at the fibular, medially at the tibia

Question 16

What shape is the inferior extensor retinaculum and what are the attachments

Answer 16

Y shaped. 3 attachments:
the calcaneus, medial malleolus and plantar aponeurosis

Question 17

What skin does the deep fibular nerve innervated

Answer 17

the skin of first interdigital cleft and adjacent sides of the first 2 toes

Question 18

Which nerves supply the cutaneous innervation of the dorsum of the foot? Which one innervates the largest area of skin

Answer 18

largest area = superficialis peroneal nerve
others = saphenous nerve, sural nerve, deep peroneal nerve, medial and lateral plantar nerves