Parvoviridae - Canine Parvovirus (CPV) Flashcards
What types of canine parvovirus’ are there?
CPV-1 - Not important, inapparent illness
CPV-2 - Common, three antigenic variants;
CPV-2a, CPV-2b, CPV-2c
What strains of CPV-2 are most common in North America?
CPV-2b and CPV-2c
How is CPV-2 transmitted?
Oro-nasal exposure to contaminated feces
In-utero infection
Contact with contaminated fomites
What are the clinical findings of CPV-2?
Enteritis (2-4 weeks)
Myocarditis (3-8 weeks)
Panleukopenia (2-4 weeks)
How does CPV-2 cause enteritis?
Infects the germinal epithelium of the intestinal crypts, causing destruction and collapse of the epithelium. There is not replacement of cells lost from tip of villus. Villus is shortened.
How does CPV-2 cause myocarditis?
From infection in-utero or from pups <6 weeks
What are the clinical signs of myocarditis caused by CPV-2?
Myocardial necrosis with acute cardiopulmonary failure.
Sudden death or death after dyspnea, crying, retching.
What are the clinical signs of enteritis with CPV-2?
Severe bloody diarrhea
Why is serology (antibody detection) not the best method to test CPV-2?
Most dogs are vaccinated or have been previously exposed so they have circulating AB’s to the disease
What is the best way to test for CPV-2?
SNAP Parvo test with blood for feces.
Two blue dots = positive
What is the vaccination schedule for CPV-2?
MLV at: 6-8 weeks 10-12 weeks 14-16 weeks with a booster at 1 year and then every 3 years after
What type of vaccine should you give to pregnant dogs or colostrum deprived puppies that are vaccinated prior to week 8?
Inactivated vaccine because MLV can cause damage to myocardial or cerebellar cells.
How does Tamiflu work on CPV-2?
Acts on bacterial neuraminidase that invades through protective mucous barrier of the GI tract.
