Herpesviridae - Gammaherpesvirinae Flashcards
What is the common name of GHV?
Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF)
Bovine Malignant Catarrh
Malignant Head Catarrh
What are the two most important types of MCF?
Alcephaline hv-1 - Wildebeest associated
Ovine hv-2 - Sheep associated MCF
What are characteristics AHV-1?
From Wildebeest (gnus) to cattle
Occurs in African countries
Does not cause disease in wildebeest
Epizootic and seasonal (WB calving season)
What are characteristics of OvHV-2?
Occurs worldwide
From sheep to cattle
Occurs year-round
Sporadic, occasional outbreaks
How is AHV-1 transmitted to cattle?
Young wildebeest have AHV-1 in nasal and ocular secretions.
They contaminate the pasture.
1) Inhalation of aerosol of secretion by cow
2) Direct or close contact of cow with wildebeest during calving
How is OvHV-2 transmitted to cattle?
Not 100% known.
Presumably by inhalation or ingestion
Can cattle transmit AHV-1 or OvHV-2 to each other?
No! – they are dead end hosts
What are the clinical signs of parachute MCF?
Sudden death
Acute death
Severe gastroenteritis
What are the clinical signs of the head and eye form of MCF?
Majority of cases
Reddened eyelids, Bilateral corneal opacity
Crusty muzzle, nares, Nasal discharge
Salivation
Erosions on tongue and hard palate (late stages)
Joints and LN swell
Horn and hoof coverings slough
What are the clinical signs of the alimentary form?
Alimentary form: Severe diarrhea (rare in wildebeest derived but common in sheep derived)
Zebra Striping seen at necropsy
What are the clinical signs of the mild form?
Mild form: Inoculated animals, recovery expected
How do you control MCF?
Separation of cattle from wildebeest and sheep
