Paper 2 - Social Groups

Question 1

What are the social groups and factors affecting participation?

Answer 1

Gender 
Ethnicity 
Age 
Family/friends 
Disability

Question 2

How does gender affect participation?

Answer 2

1. Boys are more likely to participate than girls.
2. Discrimination - women seen as ‘weaker sex’.
3. Not allowed in olympics to begin with.
4. Male dominated - rugby, football, cricket - seeing more female participation.
5. Female sports aren’t shown as much in the media = less female role models.
6. Less money in female sports.
7. Female stereotypes of ‘role in the home’ (looking after children) = less time for sport.

Question 3

How does ethnicity affect participation?

Answer 3

1. People form ethnic minority background is often limited to sports that are usually associated with that ethnic group.
2. Not many participate in general population.
3. Number of pros, coaches, captains and managers from ethnic minority backgrounds remains relatively low.
4. Cultural and religious tradition can impact participation in sport. (E.g - some religions include fasting, so it’s difficult to participate when energy levels are low.
5. Some have dress codes.
6. Some have less disposable income.

Question 4

How does age affect participation?

Answer 4

1. Participation tends to peak between 16-25, people have more free time.
2. Engaging young people is crucial, because they’re more likely to keep going.
3. Schools receive funding.
4. When working not so much free time/ money to spend on sports.
5. Post school drop out.
6. Older people more likely to get injures/ illness, their flexibility and strength decreases, knowledge increases and its harder to get oxygen to the working muscles.

Question 5

How does family/friends affect participation?

Answer 5

1. Positive attitude can motivate others around them.
2. Negative can reduce education and are likely to participate less.
3. Family can - buy equipment, provide transport, become role model (encouragement).
4. Per pressure can be positive prompting participation, but can also be negative to go against the group = less participation.

Question 6

How does disability affect participation?

Answer 6

1. Making an effort, but limited number of coaches + facilities (ramps) makes it hard for participation.
2. Also find travelling hard and may be reliant on disability benefit.
3. Increased media coverage means its becoming more recognised.
4. More support + coverage will lead to young people getting involved.