Paper 1 - Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the types of bones?
Flat
Short
Long
Irregular
Describe a flat bone
Often large
Protect vital organs
Describe a long bone
Enable large movements
Describe a short bone
Enable finer, controlled movements
Describe irregular bones
Specifically shaped to protect.
E.g - vertebrae for the spinal cord.
What are articulating bones?
Bones that meet at a joint to enable movement.
Where are the main articulating bones found?
Shoulder - scapula, clavicle, humerus
Elbow - humerus, radius, ulna
Hip - pelvis, femur
Knee - femur, patella, fibula, tibia
Ankle - tibia, fibula, talus
What are the functions of the skeleton?
- Support - for muscles and Vistula organs.
- Protection - of vital organs
- Movement - occurs at the joints when muscles contract.
- Shape/structure - fro maintaining the basic for of the body.
- Blood cell production - takes place in bone marrow.
- Storage - of minerals = major body functions.
Some/ people/ must/ smell/ better/ soon
What are synovial joint?
An area of the body where two or more articulating bones meet.
What are the types of freely movable joints/ synovial joints?
- Ball and socket - can move away, towards the body and also rotate
Shoulder and hip.
- Hinge joints - can only move in one direction, towards and away from each other.
Elbow, knee and ankle.
What are the different types of joint actions and movements?
Flexion Extension Plantar flexion Dorsiflexion Adduction Abduction Rotation
What is extension?
Increase in the angle of bones at a joint.
What is flexion?
Decrease in the angle of bones at a joint.
What is abduction?
Movement of a bone or limb away from the midline of the body
Star jump.
What is adduction?
Movement of a bone or limb towards the midline of the body.
Star jump
