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Small Animal Medicine > Oncology - FISS and SCC > Flashcards

Oncology - FISS and SCC Flashcards

1
Q

What is a feline injection site sarcoma (FISS)?

A

A mesenchymal tumor that develops after vaccination or other SQ tissue trauma

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2
Q

What can FISS be?

A

FIBROSARCOMAS, rhabdomyosarcomas, malignant fibrous histiocytomas, undifferentiated sarcomas, extraskeletal osteosarcomas, chondrosarcomas, and myxosarcomas

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3
Q

What are the risk factors for FISS?

A

SQ killed vacciantions
SQ injections, fluids, pacemakers, and microchips

Literally any SQ insult

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4
Q

When can FISS develop post injection?

A

4 weeks to 10 years after the insult

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5
Q

The ____ the vaccination per site, the _____ the risk for developing a FISS.

A

More, higher

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6
Q

What is the pathogenesis for FISS?

A

Inflammation driven that leads to transformed cells

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7
Q

What clinical signs are associated with FISS?

A

Firm, irregular mass in the typical vaccine site
non-painful - sometimes
appears encapsulated
can be ulcerated

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8
Q

How do you diagnose a FISS?

A 
Minimum database
Chest rads
CT/MRI
FNA
Biopsy
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9
Q

When should masses at vaccination sites be treated?

A

If the mass is still evident 3 or more months after vaccination
The mass is >2cm in diameter
Mass is growing 1 month after vaccine administration

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10
Q

What are the treatment options for FISS?

A

Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy

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11
Q

What should you not do when doing surgery for FISS?

A

marginal resection

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12
Q

In cases of doing surgery for FISS, what significantly reduces survival time?

A

marginal resection, increased number of surgical interventions, and surgery by non-referral surgeons

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13
Q

What are the recommended margins for FISS?

A

5 cm lateral margins and 2 fascial planes deep

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14
Q

What is the most common complication associated with intercaspular FISS?

A

wound dehischence - 11%

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15
Q

When is radiation indicated for FISS?

A

If there is marginal excision or dirty margins

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16
Q

When should radiation therapy begin in cases of FISS?

A

10-14 days after surgery

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17
Q

Can stereotactic radiation be used to treat FISS?

A

Yes - there have been studies that it can help

18
Q

What is the metastasis rate for FISS?

A

20% in late disease

19
Q

If you decide to use chemotherapy for FISS, what agent should you use?

A

Doxorubicin

Backup - mitoxantrone, vincristine

20
Q

What prognostic factors are associated with FISS?

A

FeLV status - + is worse
Histologic grade
Site
Aggressive surgery

21
Q

What is the behavior of FISS?

A

They are very aggressive

22
Q

What are the most common oral tumors in cats?

A

Squamous cell carcinomas

23
Q

What is the recommended treatment for feline oral tumors?

A

surgery if possible

24
Q

What chemotherapy agent can be used for feline oral tumors?

A

Palladia

25
Q

True or False: Feline oral SCC often involve the local bones

A

true

26
Q

What does prognosis for oral SCC depend on?

A

Size and surgery

27
Q

Can oral melanoma happen in cats?

A

yes, but it is rare

28
Q

What is the metastatic rate for feline oral melanoma?

A

high- 66%

29
Q

What treatments can be done for feline oral melanoma?

A

Surgery, radiation therapy, and carboplatin

30
Q

What are eosinophilic granulomas?

A

Rodent ulcer/indolent ulcer that is no cancerous

31
Q

When you think you have an eosinophilic granuloma, what diagnostic method must you do before treatment?

A

Biopsies because you need to distinguish it from SCC or FSA

32
Q

How are eosinophilic granulomas treated?

A

Oral prednisolone, hypoallergenic diets, radiation therapy, surgery, immunomodulation, or cryosurgery

33
Q

What is the prognosis for eosinophilic granulomas?

A

Fair for compete recovery

34
Q

What is the number one most common feline oral tumor?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

35
Q

When examining a cats mouth, what should you always do?

A

look under the tongue

36
Q

What is the prognosis for oral tumors in cats?

A

poor

37
Q

What are risk factors for oral SCC in cats?

A

smoking, old school flea collars, and canned tuna

38
Q

What type of cancers can FeLV cause?

A

any hematopoietic neoplasm

39
Q

How do we prevent FeLV?

A

Eliminate contact and vaccination

40
Q

Does FeLV cause cancer?

A

Yes

41
Q

Does FIV cause cancer?

A

No, it suppresses the immune system, preventing the ability to detect cancer

42
Q

What is the most common cancer associated with FeLV infection?

A

Mediastinal lymphoma

Small Animal Medicine (100 decks)

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