Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiopulmonary I > Normal Cardiac Lab Values - Gustafson > Flashcards

Normal Cardiac Lab Values - Gustafson Flashcards

1
Q

High sensitivity

A

One that has a high degree of analytical sensitivity with a low analytical impression at the low measuring range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 ways lab tests are ordered

A

Routine
Urgent
Stat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Troponin

A

Regulatory protein that controls calcium mediated interactions between actin and myosin
3 varieties - I, T, C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 Types of Troponin

A

I
T
C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Troponin value indicative of myocardial damage

A

Troponin I

0.1 to 2.0 ug/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Troponin recommendations

A

Measured at admission and at 6, 9, and 12 hours

If no increase in Troponin is seen 12 hours after chest pain, than adverse outcome unlikely in regards to MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Myoglobin

A 
An iron compound found in muscle
When muscle cells damaged, leaks out into blood stream
Rises early in muscle damage 2-3 hours
Peaks 8-12 hours
Returns to base line within 24 hours
Less specific
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 types Creatine kinase

A

CK-MB - MI
CK-BB - brain
CK-MM - muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Heart damage is likely (CK blood test results)

A

CK-MB is elevated

CK index in higher than 2.5 to 3.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CK-MB

A 
Early riser, 4-6 hours after MI
Elevated in most by 12 hours
Returns to baseline within 36-48 hours
Levels are roughly correlated with the amount of tissue damage
Replaced by Troponin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lactate dehyrogenase

A

(historical test) tissue damage and it is elevated

LDH1 - heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Critical values

A

Very abnormal

Impending doom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

High sensitivity C-reative protein

A

Synthesized by liver by macrophages and fat cells in response to inflammation
Acute phase reactant - useful to stratify risk of heart disease
Appears in 24-48 hours
Peaks 71 hours
Normal 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

C-reactive protein lab results for risk

A

Low < 1.0 mg/l
Average 1.0-3.0 mg/l
High > 3.0 mg/l

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Natriuretic peptides

A

Evaluating congestive failure

Results in a decrease in pre-load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Atrial-natriuretic-peptide

A

Secreted by myocardial cells of the heart
Secretion caused by increased BP in the heart
Causes lipolysis and sodium excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Brain-type-natriuretic peptide

A

Secreted by myocardial cells of heart
Half-life twice as long as ANP
Response to increased atrial and ventricular pressure
Assessing risk of heart failure and possibly elevated in renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

BNP and acute MI

A

May be used to help rule out but NOT rule in acute MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sodium

A

Major extracellular cation

Water follows sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Serum potassium

A

Any hemolysis can affect serum potassium so important to draw correctly

21
Q

Aldosterone and potassium

A

Aldosterone production inhibited by hypokalemia

Stimulated by hyperkalemia

22
Q

Serum calcium total

A

1% in blood, 50% is ionized (free), 10% bound to anions of the remaining 40%, 1% bound to plasma proteins

23
Q

Corrected calcium

A

Patients albumin level can affect calcium level

= (4.0 - serum albumin) x (0.8 + serum calcium)

24
Q

Serum calcium ionized

A

In patients who have borderline total calcium or you suspect a disorder in calcium homeostasis, physician should order ionized calcium

25
Q

Serum magnesium

A

Intracellular ion, majority is in ionized form, remainder is protein bound
May underestimate total body magnesium

26
Q

Most common cause hypermagnesemia

A

Iatrogenic or patient induced

May have profound effect on musculoskeletal system

27
Q

Hb

A

Oxygen carrying capacity of blood

28
Q

Lipid profile

A

Some require 12 hour fast

29
Q

Total cholesterol

A

Not fasting
< 20 yrs 75-169 mg/dl
>21 yrs 100-199 mg/dl

30
Q

HDL

A

High density lipoprotein - good
> 40 mg/dl
Good because it removes good cholesterol from blood and takes it to liver

31
Q

High HDL

A

Related to lower risk of heart and blood vessel disease

32
Q

LDL

A

Low density lipoprotein - bad cholesterol

Picks up cholesterol from the blood and takes it to the cells

33
Q

LDL goal values

A

Heart disease < 70 mg/dl
High risk pts < 100 mg/dl
Low risk pts < 130 mg/dl

34
Q

High LDL

A

Higher risk of heart and blood vessel disease

35
Q

Triglycerides

A

McDonald’s type fat
Elevated in obese or diabetic
Strong assoc with heart and blood vessel disease

36
Q

Goal value of triglycerides

A

< 150 mg/dl

37
Q

Lp(a)

A 
Lipoprotein subclass
Increased risk for cardiovascular disease and other diseases associated with atherosclerosis
38
Q

Lp(a) lab values

A

Desirable < 14 mg/dl
Borderline risk 14-30 mg/dl
High risk 31-50 mg/dl
Very high risk > 50 mg/dl

39
Q

Ulysses Syndrome

A

Pt work up can be be costly if dr wanders about like ulysses in the poem the odyssey when ordering lab testing

40
Q

Diagnostic sensitivity

A

True positive rate

41
Q

Analytical sensitivity

A

How small amount of a substance can be detected by a lab method

42
Q

Diagnostic sensitivity

A

The ability to detect most cases of disease

43
Q

Sensitivity

A

True positives/true positives + false negatives

44
Q

Diagnostic specificity

A

True negative rate

45
Q

Specificity

A

True negative/true negatives+false positives

46
Q

Screening tests

A

Performed on a healthy population
Recognize disease in a community early
May give false sense of security

47
Q

Diagnostic test

A

Most useful in clinical situations where clinical signs and sxs dictate use

48
Q

Point of care testing

A

Often done at bedside

May not have same precision, sensitivity as lab testing

49
Q

Reference ranges

A

Based on a normal population
Use to rule in or out a diagnosis
Interpret in context of pt

Cardiopulmonary I (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions