F - Respiratory Physiology - Control of Breathing - Karius Flashcards
Pre-Botzinger Complex
Timing of breathing
-also PRG
Apneusis and cause
Failure of inspiration to stop
Caused by pontine damage
-opposite of apnea
PRG
Length of inspiration
Lesion - lose ability to turn off inspiration
DRG
95% premotor to phrenic
Depth of breathing
VRG
Depth of breathing
Apnea and cause
Absence of respiratory effort (no inspiration)
Cause - medullary or spinal damage
What 3 things cause increase firing of chemoreceptors?
Increased CO2, H+ - get rid of it
Decreased O2 - want more O2
What is the normal response of a respiratory neuron to an increase in CO2 or a decrease in O2?
Decrease in activity - make problem worse
Chemoreceptors are exact opposite
2 sets of chemoreceptors
Central - brain - slow
Peripheral - carotid, aorta - faster
Central chemoreceptors
Ventral surface of medulla
Indirectly sensitive to CO2 in blood (H+ in CSF)
Make you breathe regularly
Peripheral chemoreceptors
Aortic arch, carotid body
Directly sense O2, CO2, H+
Acute changes in blood gases
3 Types of Mechanoreceptors
Slow - SAR
Rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors - RAR
J receptors - JAR
Slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors
SARS
Sensitive to breath and stretch of parenchyma
Inhibition of inspiration and prolongation of expiration
Important for infants and adults during exercise
Which stretch receptors are important for infants and adults during exercise?
Slowly adapting stretch receptors
2 Sets of mechanoreceptors that are involved in protecting the gas exchange surfaces?
Rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors
J receptors
