F - Integrative Functions - Ballam

Question 1

If no movement what happens to venous return?

Answer 1

Accumulates in lower limbs increasing venous and capillary hydrostatic pressure
-reflexes will attempt to bring BP back to normal

Question 2

Venous pooling can result in what 2 conditions?

Answer 2

Hypotension

Edema

Question 3

What is the response to standing?

Answer 3

Decreased venous return
Decreased CO and therefore decreased BP
Baroreceptor reflex
Hormonal - but slow
Orthostatic hypotension

Question 4

When standing, blood pools in veins, decreased pressure triggering the baroreceptor reflex, what is the result from this?

Answer 4

Increased sympathetic outflow

• increases HR, contractility, CO, TPR
• constriction of arterioles and veins
• decreased unstressed volume

Question 5

What happens with exercise?

Answer 5

Body anticipates exercise and increases sympathetic outflow and decreases parasympathetic
CO increases and non-active tissues increase resistance
Local reflexes vasodilate to get more blood to tissues

Question 6

What happens with hemorrhage?

Answer 6

Decreased blood volume, venous return, preload, stroke volume, CO and BP
Stimulates baroreceptor and hormonal reflexes

Question 7

How many things are stimulated with hemorrhage

Answer 7

3

1. baroreceptor
2. renin-angiotensin II
3. capillaries

Question 8

What happens to capillaries when there is a hemorrhage?

Answer 8

Capillary pressure is increased

-this increases fluid absorbed and blood volume

Question 9

What happens in the RAA part of hemorrhage

Answer 9

Increases angiotensin II

Leads to increased TPR, aldosterone, Na+ reabsorption and blood volume