Non-Ischaemic Myocardial Disease Flashcards
What are the clinical features of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia?
non-specific - difficult to diagnosis, syncope
What are the causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
deposition of metabolic by-products or amyloid inn myocardium, sarcoid, tumours, fibrosis
What are the causes of dilated cardiomyopathy?
genetic, alcohol, chemotherapy, infection, pregnancy
What are the complications of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia?
arrhythmias, sudden death
What are the complications of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
sudden death - especially in athletes
What happens in restrictive cardiomyopathy?
stiff heart - lack of compliance - diastolic dysfunction
What is the histology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
disorganised myofibrils - swirls
What is the appearance of the heart in restrictive cardiomyopathy?
normal
What is the appearance of the heart in dilated cardiomyopathy?
big, flappy, floppy heart
What are the clinical features of dilated cardiomyopathy?
heart failure, dyspnoea, poor exercise tolerance, low CO
What happens in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia?
right ventricle largely replaced by fat
What is sarcoid?
multi-system granulomatous disorder
What is Dressler’s syndrome?
post MI - damaged heart muscle releases previously unencountered material - stimulates immune response
What is the appearance of the heart in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
big, solid heart
What are the causes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
mainly genetic
What is the appearance of the heart in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia?
big and floppy
What are the causes of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia?
genetic disease - autosomal dominant - low penetrance
What happens in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
thicken wall - LV luminal reduction
What can cause non-infectious myocarditis?
hypersensitivity to infection - rheumatic fever after Strep. sore throat, hypersensitivity to drugs - eosinophilic myocarditis, systemic lupus erythematosus
What are the complications of pericarditis?
pericardial effusion, tamponade, cardiac failure, death
What is amyloid?
abnormal protein - waxy pink
What is the result of infectious myocarditis?
thickened beefy myocardium
What causes pericarditis?
infection, rheumatic, uraemic (renal failure), Dressler’s syndrome, connective tissue disease
What are the signs of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
jerky pulse, double apex beat, ejection systolic murmur
What are the symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
dyspnoea, angina, syncope
