Hypertension - Drugs Flashcards
What are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors used in?
hypertension and heart failure
Give an example of a calcium channel blocker
amlodipine
What drugs should never be used to treat pregnancy induced hypertension and why?
ARBs and ACE inhibitors, toxic to foetus
Give an example of a thiazide diuretic
bendrofluazide
What is the mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics?
block Na+/Cl- transporter in distal convoluted tubule - prevent Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys - increase urine volume
What are the side effects of thiazide diuretics?
hypokalaemia - tired - arrhythmias, hyperglycaemia - diabetics, increased uric acid - gout, impotence
What are the side effects of a calcium channel blocker?
ankle oedema
Give an example of an angiotensin receptor blocker
losartan - all end in artan
Give an example of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
Lisinopril - all ACE inhibitors end in pril
What are calcium channel blockers used in?
angina and hypertension - not heart failure
What is the mechanism of action of angiotensin receptor blockers?
block angiotensin II receptors
What is the mechanism of action of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor?
block angiotensin I becoming angiotensin II - cause vasodilatation
What are angiotensin receptor blockers used in?
hypertension and heart failure
What are the side effects of angiotensin receptor blockers?
renal dysfunction - monitor kidneys
What are the side effects of an angiotensin converting enzyme?
dry cough - common - switch to ARB, renal dysfunction - monitor kidneys, angioneurotic oedema - life threatening - rare - skin blotchy and swollen -larynx swollen - can’t breathe, first dose hypotension - especially if serum Na+ is low
