Congenital Heart Disease

Question 1

What are the clinical features of collapse at time of duct closure?

Answer 1

2-7 days old, cyanosis, pallor, tachypnoea, distress, prolonged CRT, poor or absent pulses, hepatomegaly, crepitations, acidotic, increased work of breathing

Question 2

What are duct dependent conditions of the circulatory system?

Answer 2

hypoplastic left heart, aortic stenosis, interrupted aortic arch, coarctation of the aorta

Question 3

What are the treatments for collapse at time of duct closure?

Answer 3

ABC, IV prostaglandin E2 to open duct, MDT involvement

Question 4

What are the duct dependent conditions of the pulmonary circulation?

Answer 4

tricuspid atresia, pulmonary atresia

Question 5

What are the clinical features of a ventricular septal defect?

Answer 5

murmur develops as pulmonary pressure drops, increased pulmonary circulation - congestive heart failure

Question 6

What are the differential diagnosis of collapse at time of duct closure?

Answer 6

sepsis or metabolic conditions

Question 7

What are the differential diagnosis of cyanosis in a newborn?

Answer 7

cardiac disease - little/no respiratory distress, respiratory disease - increased work of breathing - CXR changes, persistent pulmonary hypertension

Question 8

What is atresia?

Answer 8

absence or abnormal narrowing

Question 9

What is heard in a small ventricular septal defect?

Answer 9

loud and pan-systolic

Question 10

What is heard in a large ventricular septal defect?

Answer 10

ejection murmurs from flow across pulmonary valve