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Cardiovascular > Anti-Arrhythmia Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-Arrhythmia Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

How is adenosine administered?

A

IV bolus

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2
Q

What is dispoyramide used for?

A

prevent recurrent ventricular arrhythmias

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of class IB drugs?

A

rapid association and dissociation rate - prevent premature beats

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4
Q

What is the adverse side effect of flecainide?

A

may trigger ventricular arrhythmias

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of action of class IC drugs?

A

slow association and dissociation rate - depress conduction

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6
Q

What class is verapamil?

A

class IV

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7
Q

What is the cycle of sodium channels?

A

non-conducting resting state - depolarisation - conducting open state - maintained depolarisation - non-conducting inactivated state - repolarisation - resting state

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action of adenosine?

A

activates alpha 1 adrenoceptors coupled to Gi/o - opens ACh sensitive K+/GIRK channels - hyperpolarises AV node - supresses impulse conduction

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of class III drugs?

A

target potassium channels - prolong AP duration - increase refractory period

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10
Q

How is dispoyramide administered?

A

oral

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11
Q

What is paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

A

atrial firing rate of 140-250 bpm, caused by re-entry

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12
Q

How is procainamide administered?

A

IV

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13
Q

What class are propranolol and atenolol?

A

class II

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14
Q

What might a high dose of verapamil cause?

A

heart block

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15
Q

What is adenosine used for?

A

terminate paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, acute atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter

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16
Q

What is verapamil used for?

A

prophylaxis of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation

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17
Q

How is lignocaine administered?

A

IV

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18
Q

What is the mechanism of action of class IV drugs?

A

target calcium channels - slow conduction in SA and AV nodes - decreased force of cardiac contraction

19
Q

What is digoxin used for?

A

atrial fibrillation

20
Q

What is lignocaine used for?

A

ventricular arrhythmias following MI

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of amiodarone?

A

supresses re-entry

22
Q

What is procainamide used for?

A

ventricular arrhythmias post MI

23
Q

What is the mechanism of action of class I drugs?

A

block open and inactivated sodium channels - dissociate in diastole

24
Q

What are the side effects of long term use of amiodarone?

A

pulmonary fibrosis, thyroid disorders, photosensitivity reactions, peripheral neuropathy

25
Q

What class IB drug only blocks inactivated sodium channels?

A

lignocaine

26
Q

What are propranolol and atenolol used for?

A

control supraventricular tachycardia

27
Q

What is the mechanism of action of class IA drugs?

A

moderate association and dissociation rate - slow rise of AP - prolong refractory period

28
Q

How is digoxin administered?

A

IV infusion or oral

29
Q

What class is lignocaine?

A

IB

30
Q

What is the mechanism of action of propranolol and atenolol?

A

supress excess sympathetic drive that may trigger ventricular tachycardia

31
Q

Why do class I drugs have a greater effect in tachycardia?

A

more time in open and inactivated state

32
Q

What is the mechanism of action of digoxin?

A

stimulates vagal activity - slows conduction and prolongs refractory period in AV node and bundle of His

33
Q

What class is amiodarone?

A

class III, has class IA, II and IV actions

34
Q

What is amiodarone used for?

A

supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia, congestive heart failure, reduces mortality post MI

35
Q

What is flecainide used for?

A

prophylaxis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

36
Q

What is the mechanism of action of class II drugs?

A

decrease rate of depolarisation in SA and AV nodes

37
Q

What class is dispoyramide?

A

IA

38
Q

What class of drugs are beta blockers?

A

class II

39
Q

Why do class I drugs act preferentially on ischaemic tissues?

A

longer AP duration - more time in inactivate state

40
Q

What class id procainamide?

A

class IA

41
Q

How is verapamil administered?

A

oral

42
Q

What class is flecainide?

A

class IC

43
Q

Why is amiodarone pro arrhythmic?

A

Lengthens QT interval

Cardiovascular (37 decks)

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