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Locomotor > Neurovascular of Lower Limb > Flashcards

Neurovascular of Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

where does the aorta bifuricate into common iliac artery?

  • L1
  • L2
  • L3
  • L4
  • L5
A

where does the aorta bifuricate into common iliac artery?

  • L1
  • L2
  • L3
  • *- L4**
  • L5
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2
Q

1-4?

A

1 - aorta
2 - common iliac artery
3 - interal iliac artery
4 - external iliac artery

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3
Q

which three arteries branch off the internal iliac artery? [3]

which out of ^^ are medial compartment of thigh?
which out of ^^ are posterior compartment of thigh?

A

from which artery does the superior gluteal artery arise from? [1]
internal iliac artery –> superior gluteal artery
internal iliac artery –> inferior gluteal artery
internal iliac artery –> obturator artery

superior & inferior gluteal: posterior region
obturator: medial region

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4
Q

superior and inferior gluteal artery relate to which muscle? [1]

A

superior and inferior gluteal artery relate to which muscle? [1]

piriformis !

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5
Q

where does external iliac artery –> femoral artery? [1]

where do u palpate for femoral artery? [1]

A

where does external iliac artery –> femoral artery? [1]
at inguinal ligament

where do u palpate for femoral artery? [1]
mid inguinal point

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6
Q

which artery is commonly used to gain access to abdominal aorta?

  • descending aorta
  • femoral artery
  • hepatic artery proper
  • common iliac artery
A

which artery is commonly used to gain access to abdominal aorta?

  • descending aorta
  • *- femoral artery**
  • hepatic artery proper
  • common iliac artery
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7
Q

what are the three borders of the femoral triangle? [3]

which structures do we find in femoral triangle? [3] - correct order pls from lateral- medial

A

what are the three borders of the femoral triangle? [3]
inguinal ligament
sartoria
adductor longus

which structures do we find in femoral triangle? [3] - correct order pls !!
femoral nerve, artery, vein

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8
Q

what is the first branch of the femoral artery?
what does ^ lead into? [2]

A

what are the branches of the femoral artery?

femoral artery –> profunda femoris: –> medial circumflex femoral artery
femoral artery –> profunda femoris: –> lateral circumflex femoral artery

both supply the head of the femur

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

at what stage does femoral artery –> popliteal artery? [1]

A

at what stage does femoral artery –> popliteal artery? [1]
after going through the adductor hiatus

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11
Q

popliteal artery divides into ? [2]

A

popliteal artery divides into ? [2]

  • *- posterior tibial artery - gives off fibular artery laterally
  • anterior tibial artery**
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12
Q

which artery

A
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13
Q

antierior tibial artery –> which artery?

A

antierior tibial artery –> dorsalis postieror artery

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14
Q

dorsalis pedis pulse can be found lateral to which tendon? [1]

A

dorsalis pedis pulse can be found lateral to which tendon? [1]
extensor hallucis longus (big toe tendon)

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15
Q

superficial veins of legs?
what do they drain into?

A

small / short saphenous vein –> popliteal vein

great saphenous vein –> femoral vein

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16
Q

why do superficial veins at greatest risk of varicous? [2]

A

why do superficial veins at greatest risk of varicous? [2]

  • **outside of fascia - less muscle compression
  • further to run / agaisnt gravity**
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17
Q
A

dorsalis pedis artery

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18
Q
A

arcuate artery

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19
Q

all nerves from the lower limb come from where? [1]

A

all nerves from the lower limb come from where? [1]
lumbosacral plexus !!

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20
Q

label the correct dermatomes xox

A

S1 - small toe AND base of most of foot - STAND ON S1 !

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21
Q

how do u remember dermatomes of lower limb? L3-L5 & S1-S4?

A

L3: knees
L4: down to the floor
L5: big toe

S1: stand on S1
S2: lie on
S3: sit on
S4: wipe

22
Q

whats a myotome?

A

same as dermatome - but for motor movement

23
Q

lumbosacral plexus:

which major nerves come from the lumbar plexus? [3] what are nerve roots?

A

which major nerves come from the lumbar plexus? [3]
femoral nerve: L2, L3, L4
obturator nerve: L2, L3, L4
lateral cut. nerve of thigh: L2 & l3

24
Q

femoral nerve provides motor supply to which compartment of thigh? [1]
what movement does this cause? [2]
main muscles of anterior [3]

A

femoral nerve provides motor supply to which compartment of thigh? [1]
anterior

what movement does this cause? [2]
flex hip
extend knee

main muscles for ^?
quadriceps
sartoruis
iliopsoas

25
Q

what can damage femoral nerve? [3] basic understanding x

what would damage to femoral nerve cause? movement wise xo

A

what can damage femoral nerve? [3]
•Compression – from treatment for congenital hip dysplasia
•Pelvic fractures
•Anterior hip dislocations (very very rare)

what would damage to femoral nerve cause?

  • paralysis of quadriceps
  • sensory loss to anterior thigh
26
Q

obturaror nerve provides motor supply to which compartment of thigh? [1]
what movement does this cause? [1]
main muscles of this? [1]

A
  • *obturaror** nerve provides motor supply to which compartment of thigh? [1]
  • *medial compartment**

what movement does this cause? [1]
adduction of thigh

main muscles of this? [1]
adductors

27
Q

lateral cutaenous nerve occurs from which Vert levels? [2]

what is role? [1]

A

lateral cutaenous nerve occurs from which Vert levels? [2]
L2 & L3

what is role? [1]
sensory innervation to lateral aspect of thigh

28
Q

which three nerves arise from sacral plexus? [3]

A

which three nerves arise from sacral plexus? [3]
•Sciatic nerve (Tibial and common peroneal nerves)
•Superior gluteal nerve
•Inferior gluteal nerve

29
Q
A
30
Q

sciatic nerve provides motor supply to which compartment of thigh? [1]
what movement does this cause? [2]
main muscles of this compartment [3]

A

sciatic nerve provides motor supply to which compartment of thigh? [1]
posterior compartment

what movement does this cause? [2]
extend hip
flex knee

main muscles of this compartment [3]
•Semitendinosus
•Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris (long head

31
Q

what are the 3 muscles compartments of the leg (knee - foot)

what are the muscle movements each compartment do?

A
32
Q
A
33
Q

Posterior compartment of leg:

  • two compartments of postior? [2]
  • innervation? [1]
  • movement? [2]
  • blood supply? [1]
A

Posterior compartment of leg:

  • two comparments: superficial & deep
  • innervation: tibial nerve
  • movement: plantar flexion, flexion of digits
  • blood supply: posterior tibial artery
34
Q

what are these posterior superficial muscles? [3]
what do they all insert onto?
movement?

A

all insert onto: achilles tendon - plantar flexion !!!!

35
Q
A
36
Q
A

plantaris muscle

37
Q
A

gastrocnemius muscle

38
Q

posterior dep compartment:

innervation?
movement? [2]
blood supply?

A

posterior dep compartment:

innervation: tibial nerve
movement: plantar flexion, flexion of digits
blood supply: posterior tibial artery

39
Q
A
40
Q

anterior leg compartment:

innervation?
movement? [2]
blood supply?

A

anterior leg compartment:

innervation: deep peroneal nerve
movement: dorsiflexion, extension of digits
blood supply: anterior tibial artery

41
Q

lateral leg compartment:

innervation?
movement?
blood supply?

A

lateral leg compartment:

innervation: superficial peroneal nerve
movement: eversion
blood supply: fibular artery

42
Q
A
43
Q

which nerves provide sensory innervation to the image? [2]

A
44
Q

fracture to the neck of the fibula can cause damage to which nerve?

  • sciatic nerve
  • posterior tibial nerve
  • anterior tibial nerve
  • superficial peroneal nerve
  • common peroneal nerve

why?

A

fracture to the neck of the fibula can cause damage to which nerve?

  • sciatic nerve
  • posterior tibial nerve
  • anterior tibial nerve
  • superficial peroneal nerve
  • *- common peroneal nerve**

wraps around the neck of the fibula - vulnerable to fracture !

45
Q
A
46
Q

what happens when u get damage to common peroneal nerve? [1]
why? [2]

A

what happens when u get damage to common peroneal nerve? [1]
foot drop
​why? [2]
provides innervation to anterior and lateral compartment of leg - only innervation is to the posterior - unnaposed plantar flexion

47
Q

damage to sciatic nerve is characterised by? [3]

A

oFoot drop

oWasting of hamstrings, calf muscles and dorsiflexors

oLoss of Achilles reflex

48
Q
A
49
Q

what do Gluteus Medius and Minimus do when walking?

A

Gluteus Medius and Minimus contract to cause hip stabilisation & keep pelvis in alignment

50
Q

a postive trendelenburg test is likely to occur from damage to which nerve?

superior gluteal nerve
inferior gluteal nerve
femoral nerve
common peroneal nerve
superficial peroneal nerve

A

a postive trendelenburg test is likely to occur from damage to which nerve?

superior gluteal nerve
inferior gluteal nerve
femoral nerve
common peroneal nerve
superficial peroneal nerve

51
Q
A

A ! - least risk of neurovascular damage

52
Q

which nerve would you be likely to hit if you did IM in D?

  • sciatic nerve
  • posterior tibial nerve
  • anterior tibial nerve
  • superficial peroneal nerve
  • common peroneal nerve
A

which nerve would you be likely to hit if you did IM in D?

  • *- sciatic nerve**
  • posterior tibial nerve
  • anterior tibial nerve
  • superficial peroneal nerve
  • common peroneal nerve

Locomotor (30 decks)

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